An overview of the mineralogical characterization and treatment strategies of Bauxite residues for their sustainable management

Dramou, Adèle; Filippov, L.O.; Kanari, Ndue; Allain, Eric; Traoré, S; Filippova, I.V.

doi:10.1080/08827508.2022.2064856

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…REEs are enriched in residue during the Al extraction process, reaching up to 1000 ppm in content [80]. Red mud has a small particle size, high pH, and complex composition, mainly containing Fe 2 O 3 , Al 2 O 3 , SiO 2 , TiO 2 , CaO, and Na 2 O (Figure 1C) [75,81], depending on the composition of the parent bauxite ore. For example, cancrinite, diaspore, katoite, muscovire, kaolinite, and hematite were detected by XRD (X-ray diffraction) in a red mud sample [33], while gibbsite and calcite were detected in another red mud sample [80]. In red mud, REEs mainly exist in the form of monazite, xenotime, and synchysite.…”

Section: Red Mudmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioleaching of Rare Earth Elements: Perspectives from Mineral Characteristics and Microbial Species

Shi,

Pan,

Dong

et al. 2023

Minerals

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Bioleaching exhibits high potential for the processing of low-grade complex mineral resources. With the development of the economy and an increase in demand, rare earth elements (REEs) in secondary resources, such as phosphogypsum, red mud and coal-related resources, are gaining more and more attention. In this review, the bioleaching performance of diverse microorganisms is summarized and compared for primary (mainly monazite) and secondary REE resources, based on publications from the past decade. The mineral characteristics of these REE resources are different, as they can be found in phosphate, sulfate, or silicate forms. Correspondingly, microbial species suitable for use in bioleaching differ. The most efficient bioleaching microbe for monazite is Paecilomyces sp., while Acidianus manzaensis is effective in processing red mud. Acidophilic sulfur oxidizers are suitable for processing acidic phosphogypsum. Acidithiobacillus thiooxidans could recover a significant amount of REEs from coal fly ash. In particular, monazite has a high REE content but extremely low bioleaching efficiency compared to that of secondary resources, supporting the understanding that bioleaching approaches are more competitive for minerals with low REE contents. Overall, great progress has been made over the last decade, as considerable REE recovery rates have been achieved, and the main metabolites of microbes were identified. However, numerous challenges still exist. Future efforts should focus on improving biorecovery efficiency, reducing the cost of cell-culture media, and exploring the interaction mechanism between cells and minerals, with an emphasis on mineralogical phase transformations and the molecular regulation mechanisms inside cells during the bioleaching process.

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Section: Red Mudmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioleaching of Rare Earth Elements: Perspectives from Mineral Characteristics and Microbial Species

Shi,

Pan,

Dong

et al. 2023

Minerals

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“…Bauxite residue is a hazardous solid waste mainly produced in alumina refinery processes and has an adverse effect on the surrounding environment, primarily due to its high alkalinity [1][2][3]. Approximately 160 million tons of bauxite residues are generated annually in the world [4] and the efficient utilization of bauxite residues has been a huge challenge confronting the alumina industry.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distinct Extraction Behaviors of La/Ce and Sc/Y in the Phosphoric Acidic Leachate of Bauxite Residues and Their Sequential Extraction with Di-(2-Ethylhexyl) Phosphoric Acid as Extractant

Li,

Deng,

Yao

et al. 2023

Minerals

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Bauxite residue is a hazardous solid waste produced in the alumina production process and has also become a significant rare earth resource. The extraction behaviors of La, Ce, Sc and Y solubilized in the phosphoric acidic leachate of bauxite residue were investigated in this study with di-(2-ethylhexyl) phosphoric acid as the extractant. With a relatively low concentration of 2% at an aqueous solution pH of 1.5, 90% Sc and 98% Y were extracted by di-(2-ethylhexyl) phosphoric acid. Less than 5% La and Ce and impurities of Fe, Al, Ti and Ca were extracted in this situation. As the concentration of di-(2-ethylhexyl) phosphoric acid increased to 20%, almost all the Sc and Y were extracted and the extraction ratios of La and Ce were 87% and 95%, respectively. A good separation of REEs against impurities was simultaneously obtained in the solvent extraction process and their separation coefficients were much higher than 1. A stepwise extraction process was proposed and established to extract Sc/Y and La/Ce sequentially from the phosphoric acidic leachate. It was further revealed that the Sc and Y in the acidic leachate were extracted by di-(2-ethylhexyl) phosphoric acid through an ion exchange process, and that the extraction of La and Ce was due to an antagonistic process where both an ion exchange reaction and a solvation reaction occurred.

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Enhancing chemical and physical properties of bauxite residue: A one-year assessment using Açaí Waste and Gypsum in in-situ rehabilitation

Miura,

Mulder,

Zivanovic

et al. 2025

Ecological Engineering

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An overview of the mineralogical characterization and treatment strategies of Bauxite residues for their sustainable management

Cited by 4 publications

References 62 publications

Bioleaching of Rare Earth Elements: Perspectives from Mineral Characteristics and Microbial Species

Bioleaching of Rare Earth Elements: Perspectives from Mineral Characteristics and Microbial Species

Distinct Extraction Behaviors of La/Ce and Sc/Y in the Phosphoric Acidic Leachate of Bauxite Residues and Their Sequential Extraction with Di-(2-Ethylhexyl) Phosphoric Acid as Extractant

Enhancing chemical and physical properties of bauxite residue: A one-year assessment using Açaí Waste and Gypsum in in-situ rehabilitation

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