An overview of the role of ionic liquids in biodiesel reactions

Optimization and kinetic study of methyl laurate synthesis using ionic liquid [Hnmp]HSO 4 as a catalyst

“…According to the literature reports [9,25,29,30], imidazolium salts are the most widely investigated ILs and have been applied in many fields [9]. [Hmim]HSO 4 is a Brønsted acid IL composed of 1-methylimidazole and concentrated sulfuric acid, and H 2 SO 4 is the most commonly used acid catalyst [29].…”

“…In the light of the oil feedstock, biodiesel is reported to be costly, and its price is two times higher than that of petroleum diesel [7]. Therefore, in an attempt to improve the economic feasibility of biodiesel, raw materials of non-edible oils such as waste cooking oil and by-products of refining vegetable oils have been considered because they are available at a reasonable price [8,9], which is an effective pattern to reduce the production cost. However, there is a high concentration of free fatty acids (FFAs) in non-edible oils.…”

Corrosion activity and solubility in polar oils of three bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl) imide/bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl) amide ([NTF 2 ]) anion-based ionic liquids

“…ILs are salts with melting points below 100 ºC and interest in them is growing due to the possibility of obtaining different physicochemical properties by changing the constituent ions [4]. ILs have excellent characteristics such as a large liquid range, high thermal stability, negligible vapour pressure, non-flammability, and so on, which makes them candidates for lubricant or other industrial applications [5,6]. Some researches have reviewed the increasing attention to ILs as novel lubricant fluids [7][8][9][10][11].…”

Biodiesel production from microalgae: ionic liquid process simulation

“…The water-ionic liquid mixtures may undergo liquideliquid demixing under specific conditions, allowing easy, low energy co-solvent (ionic liquid) recovery. An interesting recent review by Muhammad et al (2015) highlights the potential of applying ionic liquids as catalyst and solvent for enzymatic production of biodiesel from different oil sources. However, despite the attractiveness of the use of ionic liquids in biodiesel production (Fang et al, 2014), and as several experimental applications have proved their effectiveness in lipid extraction from several feedstocks (Young et al, 2010;Fauzi and Amin, 2012) including bioalgae (Lai et al, 2012), the lack of knowledge on their physical properties constitutes a severe drawback for their industrial application (Andreani and Rocha, 2012; Piemonte et al, 2014).…”