An overview of traditional and non traditional stabilizer for soft soil

Abstract

Soft soil always deal with high compressibility, high water content, low shear strength and low permeability. All these challenges lead to soil failure such as excessive settlement, failure of sub structure which is lead to superstructure damage and many others failure. Hence, soil stabilization is one of the option in ground improvement technique by adding other stabilization agent either natural basis or chemical basis. This paper critically reviewed about advantages and disadvantages of chemical stabilizer namely traditional and non traditional. Also closely reviewed on polymer and lignosulfonate as soil stabilization agent in various type of soil. Reviewed and analysing of some references revealed that using non traditional stabilizer have more advantages than traditional stabilizer in term of engineering properties as well as chemical composition. Polymer and lignosulfonate also have their on specialties in order to corporate with various type of soil.

Towards Sustainable Soil Stabilization in Peatlands: Secondary Raw Materials as an Alternative

“…The process of infrastructure construction outside the zones of stable soils with good bearing capacity is a challenge for engineers, and searching for new technologies and materials is appreciable [33]. On weak soils, if preloading or floating roads on geogrid reinforcement or piled embankments cannot be implemented, then soil stabilization is needed; otherwise, safe engineering planning, including the construction of vitally necessary infrastructure, is practically impossible [27,34,35]. Several reasons emphasize the importance of peatland stabilization, i.e., peaty soils generally inhere harsh geotechnical conditions due to the low value of undrained shear strength at natural conditions, high water content, and low permeability, as well as low strength in combination with high compressibility and shrinkage on drying [35][36][37][38].…”

“…On weak soils, if preloading or floating roads on geogrid reinforcement or piled embankments cannot be implemented, then soil stabilization is needed; otherwise, safe engineering planning, including the construction of vitally necessary infrastructure, is practically impossible [27,34,35]. Several reasons emphasize the importance of peatland stabilization, i.e., peaty soils generally inhere harsh geotechnical conditions due to the low value of undrained shear strength at natural conditions, high water content, and low permeability, as well as low strength in combination with high compressibility and shrinkage on drying [35][36][37][38]. Focusing on the compressibility, peaty or boggy areas are characterized by 'uncontrolled or unexpected decomposition in fibrous peat deposits that may cause significant additional settlement of bearing strata, adversely impacting on the performance of engineering structures founded on or within such deposits' [39].…”

“…Implementation of soil stabilization means change and improvement of soil physical properties in favour of engineering purposes; however, it may also influence the chemical properties of soil and surrounding waters [35,42].…”

“…A range of methods have been developed and exploited (Figure 2) for general soil improvement, starting with the basic ones, such as soil excavation and replacement and drainage, followed by advanced ones, such as soil stabilization by adding various materials, chemical stabilization, variable modification (mechanical, hydraulic, electrical, thermal), the reinforcement method, etc. [27,35,49].…”

“…A range of methods have been developed and exploited (Figure 2) for general improvement, starting with the basic ones, such as soil excavation and replacement a drainage, followed by advanced ones, such as soil stabilization by adding various mat als, chemical stabilization, variable modification (mechanical, hydraulic, electrical, th mal), the reinforcement method, etc. [27,35,49]. Depending on the site specifics and geotechnical needs, the methods are applica for shallow, medium, or deep soil stabilization, and generally are categorized into t types: a) mechanical approaches involving displacement or replacement of soil, stag constructions, preloading, stone columns method, embankment piling and synthetic re forcement applications [52]; and b) chemical approaches through deep mixing and surf stabilizations in situ by using amendments such as cement, fly ash, bottom ash, benton gypsum, silica fume, blast furnace slag, etc.…”