An overview of translational research in bone graft biomaterials

Precipitation‐Based Silk Fibroin Fast Gelling, Highly Adhesive, and Magnetic Nanocomposite Hydrogel for Repair of Irregular Bone Defects

“…[ 43 ] More importantly, at four weeks, the degradation rate of the RSF/TA/1%Fe 3 O 4 hydrogel was similar to that of poly‐(ε‐caprolactone) biomaterials reported by Ma et al., [ 44 ] with the poly‐(ε‐caprolactone) reported to have a similar biodegradation rate as the rate of new bone formation. [ 6 ] This suggested that the hydrogel developed in this study is a promising candidate for bone regeneration, as far as biodegradability is concerned. To assess the release of Fe 3 O 4 NPs of the RSF/TA/1%Fe 3 O 4 hydrogel in the simulated body fluid (SBF), we performed inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry to quantify Fe (Figure 2H).…”

“…[ 5 ] In case of xenografts, problems such as the failure to integrate with host tissues and significant graft rejection remain unsolved. [ 6 ] To solve these problems, biomaterials, including metal/alloys, [ 7 ] bioceramics, [ 8 ] and polymers, [ 9 ] have been developed as alternative bone grafts, and these are attracting increasing attention in bone tissue engineering. However, these too suffer from limitations; metallic materials are non‐degradable and can cause chronic inflammation; [ 10 ] bioceramics have the drawbacks of brittleness, lack of processability, and poor mechanical properties; [ 11 ] polymeric materials, especially synthetic materials, may release toxic moieties during degradation.…”

“…However, these too suffer from limitations; metallic materials are non‐degradable and can cause chronic inflammation; [ 10 ] bioceramics have the drawbacks of brittleness, lack of processability, and poor mechanical properties; [ 11 ] polymeric materials, especially synthetic materials, may release toxic moieties during degradation. [ 6,12 ] Most importantly, many pre‐existing materials for bone regeneration lack shape‐adaptive and adhesive properties, which are required to repair irregular bone defects and multiple fragments in complex bone fractures. [ 12 ]…”

Biomineralized fluorocanasite‐reinforced biocomposite scaffolds demonstrate expedited osteointegration of critical‐sized bone defects

“…Bone is a naturally bioactive composite material. [5][6][7][8][9][10][11] Researchers have tried and explored several biocompatible bioceramics, metals, polymers, and so forth as bone substitute. [12][13][14][15][16][17] Apatite-based bioactive reinforcements have widely been explored in synthetic bone grafting approaches.…”

“…[5][6][7][8][9][10][11] Researchers have tried and explored several biocompatible bioceramics, metals, polymers, and so forth as bone substitute. [12][13][14][15][16][17] Apatite-based bioactive reinforcements have widely been explored in synthetic bone grafting approaches. [18][19][20] Biofillers, such as bioglass, hydroxyapatite (HAp), tricalcium phosphate cement (β-TCP), and so forth, have been reportedly used as bioactive-reinforcement candidates in composite bone scaffolding approaches.…”