An Overview on Biomaterials: Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Applications

Abstract

The development of biomaterials have existed from around half a century and manifest its use in different fields. Biomaterials are used in living creature body, looking on its biocompatibility nature. In recent years, advances of biomaterials are showing a marked presence in the fast growing fields of pharmaceuticals and medicines. According to their availability, different types of biomaterials like metal, ceramic, polymer and their composites are used for several purpose in the body. In this review article, types of biomaterials have been discussed with their advantages, disadvantages and recent applications in the pharmaceutical field such as implants used to mimic the structure and function of tissues, dental implants, wound healing, cell regeneration, regenerative medicines, delivery of drugs and different organ regeneration. Organ regeneration leading to replacement of organs such as heart, trachea and lungs etc. by use of specific biomaterials have been reported with the diagnosis of diseases and its treatment.

Static and Dynamic Biomaterial Engineering for Cell Modulation

“…Followingly, biomaterials are evolving from simple low-dimensional (1D and 2D) static modulation to biomimetic high-dimensional (3D and 4D) dynamic modulation that precisely imitate the intricate physical and chemical native cellular regulatory mechanisms for targeted cell modulation. Furthermore, this will contribute to practical application in clinics, such as new regenerative therapies for tissue and organ replacement, and thus advance the field of biomedicine [315,316]. Still, with numerous regulatory parameters and mechanisms to be divulged, physical and chemical dynamic modulation must be studied intensively for limitless and efficient practical application in clinics.…”

Recent Biomaterial-Assisted Approaches for Immunotherapeutic Inhibition of Cancer Recurrence

“…Over time, biomaterials have exhibited great applications in different areas, especially in the medical and pharmaceutical fields. They can be used as implants to reconstruct tissues/organs, regenerate organs, heal wounds, deliver drugs, and diagnose and treat diseases . They can be classified based on their function (orthopedic, cardiovascular, dental, soft tissues, and surgical materials), their interaction with tissues (inert, bioactive, and bioresorbable biomaterials), and their nature (polymers, ceramics, metals, and composites).…”