An Overview on the Use of Response Surface Methodology to Model and Optimize Extraction Processes in the Food Industry

Tirado-Kulieva, Vicente Amirpasha; Chero, Manuel Jesús Sánchez; Yarlequé, Mario Villegas; Aguilar, Gretell Fiorela Villegas; Carrión-Barco, Gilberto; Cruz, Abraham Guillermo Ygnacio Santa

doi:10.12944/crnfsj.9.3.03

Cited by 21 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…The CCD is chosen to develop the second order polynomial model due to reduced number of actual experiments without significant loss of information [34]. Also, it is a good statistical tool in response to surface methodology because it predicts the variables of interest in 1) estimation of the parameters of the quadratic model, 2) building of sequential design, 3) determination of lack of fit of the model and 4) use of blocks.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Formulation and Optimization of Constituent in Legumes-Based Milk Chocolate Fortified with Citrus Peel Powder

Selvaraj¹,

Shanmugam²,

Sanjeevirayar³

2022

FNS

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The present study was employed to optimize the process for development of legumes-milk based chocolate using peanut (PN) and yellow-pea (YP) milk using Response surface methodology (RSM). Different combinations of legumes-milk chocolate at various ratios of PN:YP milk with fixed concentration of other regular ingredients were prepared, and the finest combination (1:1) was selected on the basis of their sensory and nutritional properties. PN and YP milk, Jaggery (JG), Butter (BT), and Citrus Peel Powder (CPP) served as independent variables while the dependent variables were allocated to the regression equation to determine folic acid (R 2 = 93.15) along with protein content (R 2 = 93.11) and vitamin C (R 2 = 90.57). The nutritional parameters such as Folic acid, Protein and Vitamin C content were found to be optimum in the milk chocolate. The optimized concentrations of PNM, YPM, JG, BT and CPP were found to be 5.0 ml, 5.5 ml, 18.1 g, 2.9 g and 0.53 g respectively. Addition of JG had an interactive effect on folic acid in YP milk (p < 0.05) and CPP shows a significant. Enhancement of vitamin C was perceived in legume based milk chocolate than the control chocolate due to supplement of CPP.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Formulation and Optimization of Constituent in Legumes-Based Milk Chocolate Fortified with Citrus Peel Powder

Selvaraj¹,

Shanmugam²,

Sanjeevirayar³

2022

FNS

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“…The Box-Behnken Design (BBD), an RSM technique involving 3 variables, was deemed appropriate to analyze the relationship and trend of the variables by modeling the curvature of the predicted data [ 20 , 21 ]. The independent variables and their ranges were set as the soaking time (2-14 h, X 1 ), treatment intensity (150-750 W, X 2 ), and treatment time (1-10 min, X 3 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization of Ultrasound-Assisted Pretreatment for Accelerating Rehydration of Adzuki Bean (Vigna angularis)

Kim,

Lee,

Kim

et al. 2024

J. Microbiol. Biotechnol.

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Adzuki bean ( Vigna angularis ), which provides plant-based proteins and functional substances, requires a long soaking time during processing, which limits its usefulness to industries and consumers. To improve this, ultrasonic treatment using high pressure and shear force was judged to be an appropriate pretreatment method. This study aimed to determine the optimal conditions of ultrasound treatment for the improved hydration of adzuki beans using the response surface methodology (RSM). Independent variables chosen to regulate the hydration process of the adzuki beans were the soaking time (2-14 h, X 1 ), treatment intensity (150-750 W, X 2 ), and treatment time (1-10 min, X 3 ). Dependent variables chosen to assess the differences in the beans post-immersion were moisture content, water activity, and hardness. The optimal conditions for treatment deduced through RSM were a soaking time of 12.9 h, treatment intensity of 600 W, and treatment time of 8.65 min. In this optimal condition, the values predicted for the dependent variables were a moisture content of 58.32%, water activity of 0.9979 a w , and hardness of 14.63 N. Upon experimentation, the results obtained were a moisture content of 58.28 ± 0.56%, water activity of 0.9885 ± 0.0040 a w , and hardness of 13.01 ± 2.82 g, confirming results similar to the predicted values. Proper ultrasound treatment caused cracks in the hilum, which greatly affects the water absorption of adzuki beans, accelerating the rate of hydration. These results are expected to help determine economically efficient processing conditions for specific purposes, in addition to solving industrial problems associated with the low hydration rate of adzuki beans.

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“…Response surface methodology (RSM) is one such method easy to apply, requiring fewer experiments to evaluate different variables and their interactions. [27][28][29][30] The Box-Behnken design (BBD) is one of the RSM tools widely employed in pharmaceutical, bio-processing, and food engineering streams for development of extraction process to isolate biologically active compounds from various natural sources. [31][32][33][34] The BBD is a spherical, revolving response design that consists of central and middle points of the edges of a cube circumscribed on a sphere.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To overcome these challenges, statistical, mathematical, and empirical methods have been developed. Response surface methodology (RSM) is one such method easy to apply, requiring fewer experiments to evaluate different variables and their interactions 27–30 . The Box–Behnken design (BBD) is one of the RSM tools widely employed in pharmaceutical, bio‐processing, and food engineering streams for development of extraction process to isolate biologically active compounds from various natural sources 31–34 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimisation of enzyme‐assisted extraction of camptothecin from Nothapodytes nimmoniana and its characterisation

Patil,

Hunasagi,

Raghu

et al. 2024

Phytochemical Analysis

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IntroductionEfficient extraction of camptothecin (CPT), an anticancer agent from the commercial source Nothapodytes nimmoniana (J. Graham) Mabb in India, is of paramount importance. CPT is present in the highest concentration in the stem portion, and the stem can be readily harvested without uprooting the plant. The fluorescence microscopy mapping of the bark matrix for CPT revealed its presence in a free form within both the outer (epidermal and cortical tissues) and inner (xylem and phloem tissues) sections. The bark matrix primarily consists of cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin, rendering it woody, rigid, and resistant to efficient solvent penetration for CPT extraction. We proposed a hypothesis that subjecting it to disruption through treatment with hydrolytic enzymes like cellulase and xylanase could enhance solvent diffusion, thereby enabling a swift and effective extraction of CPT.ObjectiveThe present study was aimed at enzyme‐assisted extraction, using cellulase and xylanase for hydrolytic disruption of the cells to readily access CPT from the stem of the plant N. nimmoniana (J. Graham) Mabb.MethodologyThe hydrolytic cell disruption of ground powder from the stem bark was studied using cellulase and xylanase enzymes. The enzymatically pretreated stem bark powder was subsequently recovered by filtration, dried, and subjected to extraction with methanol to isolate CPT. This process was optimised through a Box–Behnken design, employing a one‐factor‐at‐a‐time approach to assess parameters such as enzyme concentration (2–10% w/w), pH (3–7), incubation time (6–24 h), and solid‐to‐solvent ratio (1:30–1:70 g/mL). CPT was characterised using proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H‐NMR) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra, and a high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method was developed for quantification.ResultsThe cellulase and xylanase treatment resulted in the highest yields of 0.285% w/w and 0.343% w/w, with efficiencies of 67% and 81%, respectively, achieved in a significantly shorter time compared to the untreated material, which yielded 0.18% with an efficiency of only 42%. Extraction by utilising the predicted optimised process parameters, a nearly two‐fold increase in the yield, was observed for xylanase, with incubation and solvent extraction times set at 16 and 2 h, respectively. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images of the spent material indicated perforations attributed to enzymatic action, suggesting that this could be a primary factor contributing to the enhanced extraction.ConclusionEnzyme‐mediated hydrolytic cell disruption could be a potential approach for efficient and rapid isolation of CPT from the bark of N. nimmoniana.

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An Overview on the Use of Response Surface Methodology to Model and Optimize Extraction Processes in the Food Industry

Cited by 21 publications

References 57 publications

Formulation and Optimization of Constituent in Legumes-Based Milk Chocolate Fortified with Citrus Peel Powder

Formulation and Optimization of Constituent in Legumes-Based Milk Chocolate Fortified with Citrus Peel Powder

Optimization of Ultrasound-Assisted Pretreatment for Accelerating Rehydration of Adzuki Bean (Vigna angularis)

Optimisation of enzyme‐assisted extraction of camptothecin from Nothapodytes nimmoniana and its characterisation

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