An ovine abortion storm caused by infection with Cytoecetes phagocytophila

Jones, G.W.; Davies, IH

doi:10.1136/vr.136.5.127

Cited by 9 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…A febrile reaction together with a sudden drop in milk yield and respiratory symptoms are the common clinical signs in these animals (Brun-Hansen et al, 1998). Despite the relative mildness of the clinical disease, the infection is often followed by other complications including abortion in pregnant ewes and cows (Wilson et al, 1964;Jones and Davies, 1995), infertility in rams and bulls (Watson, 1964;Retief et al, 1971). Generally death is rare but it may occur when the infection is complicated by other agents (Overas et al, 1993;Larsen et al, 1994;Kocan et al, 2004).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular and serological evidence of Anaplasma phagocytophilum infection of farm animals in the Black Sea Region of Turkey

Gokce

Genç

Akça

et al. 2008

Acta Veterinaria Hungarica

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This study was designed to determine the presence and the prevalence of Anaplasma phagocytophilum infection in sheep and cattle in the Middle and Eastern Black Sea Regions of Turkey in which the potential vector, Ixodes ricinus, is widespread. Blood samples were collected from 720 sheep and 720 cattle from 6 provinces of the region, and used for detecting antibodies to A. phagocytophilum by indirect immunofluorescent antibody test (IFAT) and specific nucleic acids by a nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Blood smears were also prepared and examined microscopically for the presence of A. phagocytophilum-like organisms in polymorphonuclear cells. Of the animals examined, antibodies were detected in 110 (15.27%) cattle and 107 (14.86%) sheep and A. phagocytophilum-like organisms were detected in the blood of 73 (10.13%) cattle and 71 (9.86%) sheep. In addition, specific DNA was detected in the blood of 27 (14.75%) cattle and 22 (12.35%) sheep. The results obtained constitute the first molecular and serological evidence of A. phagocytophilum infection in sheep and cattle in the Black Sea Region of Turkey.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular and serological evidence of Anaplasma phagocytophilum infection of farm animals in the Black Sea Region of Turkey

Gokce

Genç

Akça

et al. 2008

Acta Veterinaria Hungarica

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“…Other workers have observed similar clinical signs in cattle 8,73 . Further studies in the UK and Scandinavia have clearly established that TBF variants of A. phagocytophilum are immunosuppressive, resulting in several disease syndromes including tick pyemia, 72,74 abortions, 74–79 pasteurellosis, 80–81 and septicemic listeriosis 82–83…”

Section: Immunosuppressionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Another option would be to hold ewes and their lambs in tick‐free, fenced pastures until the lambs are 6–7 weeks old. As abortion storms of up to 90% are common in naïve pregnant ewes, pregnant animals should never be moved from tick‐free to tick‐infested areas 75–76, 78 …”

Section: Control Measuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Other workers have observed similar clinical signs in cattle. 8,73 Further studies in the UK and Scandinavia have clearly established that TBF variants of A. phagocytophilum are immunosuppressive, resulting in several disease syndromes including tick pyemia, 72,74 abortions, [74][75][76][77][78][79] pasteurellosis, [80][81] and septicemic listeriosis. [82][83] Neutrophils form the first line of defence against invading bacteria and fungi and possess a powerful array of cytotoxic enzymes, reactive oxidants, and associated processes, but neutrophils have high rates of spontaneous apoptosis and a very short half-life in the circulation of only 6-12 h. [84][85] In view of this high cytotoxic potential and short half-life, the neutrophil would seem to be an unlikely and unsuitable target for intracellular pathogens such as A. phagocytophilum.…”

Section: Immunosuppressionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Anaplasma phagocytophilum in Ruminants in Europe

Woldehiwet

2006

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

116

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The agent that causes tick-borne fever (TBF) in sheep was first described in 1940, 8 years after the disease was first recognized in Scotland. The same agent was soon shown to cause TBF in sheep and pasture fever in cattle in other parts of the UK, Scandinavia, and other parts of Europe. After the initial use of the name Rickettsia phagocytophila, the organism was given the name Cytoecetes phagocytophila to reflect its association with granulocytes and its morphological similarity with Cytoecetes microti. This name continued to be used by workers in the UK until the recent reclassification of the granulocytic ehrlichiae affecting ruminants, horses, and humans as variants of the same species, Anaplasma phagocytophilum. TBF and pasture fever are characterized by high fever, recurrent bacteremia, neutropenia, lymphocytopenia, thrombocytopenia, and general immunosuppression, resulting in more severe secondary infections such as tick pyemia, pneumonic pasteurellosis, listeriosis, and enterotoxemia. During the peak period of bacteremia as many as 90% of granulocytes may be infected. The agent is transmitted transtadially by the hard tick Ixodes ricinus, and possibly other ticks. After patent bacteremia, sheep, goats, and cattle become persistently infected "carriers," perhaps playing an important role in the maintenance of infection, in the flock/herd. Little is known about how efficiently ticks acquire and maintain infection in ruminant populations or whether "carrier" domestic ruminants play an important role as reservoirs of infection, but deer, other free-living ruminants, and wild rodents are also potential sources of infection. During the late 1990s serological evidence of infection of humans was demonstrated in several European countries, creating a renewed interest and increased awareness of the zoonotic potential of TBF variants. More recently, a few cases of human granulocytic anaplasmosis (HGA) have been reported in some European countries, but it remains to be established whether the variants causing HGA in Europe are genetically and biologically different from those causing TBF in ruminants. TBF is readily diagnosed by demonstrating intracytoplasmic inclusions in peripheral blood granulocytes or monocytes of febrile animals or by detecting specific DNA by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and TBF variants of A. phagocytophilum can be cultivated in tick cell lines, but the differentiation of TBF variants from HGA variants awaits further investigations.

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“…Une étude décrit une anazootie de troupeau, dans les semaines suivant l'arrivée sur les pâtures contaminées (Jones & Davies, 1995). Sur 350 agnelles, 255 avortent (73 %) ; 20,7 % en meurent.…”

Section: Avortementsunclassified

L'ehrlichiose granulocytaire ovine en France

Joncour¹

2008

bavf

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Bien que connue de longue date dans plusieurs pays européens, l’ehrlichiose ovine n’a été identifiée en France qu’en avril 2006, grâce au transfert de connaissances au sein de réseaux d’épidémiosurveillance et à l’introduction de technologies modernes de diagnostic. Ces techniques d’immunofluorescence indirecte ou d’amplification génique par PCR), avaient déjà été utilisées en 1999, pour l’étude de la forme bovine de la maladie. La «fièvre des montagnes» ovine était connue depuis toujours en région basco-béarnaise, mais on en ignorait la cause. Eleveurs et praticiens en observaient les signes dans un syndrome respiratoire estival, sensible à l’oxytétracycline, touchant les jeunes ovins après la première arrivée en estive. L’identification de l’agent pathogène ouvre des perspectives nouvelles pour d’autres régions d’élevage transhumant d’ovins et de caprins, ces deux espèces étant des réservoirs compétents de l’agent pathogène, Anaplasma phagocytophilum. Les ovins et les caprins sont aussi de bons indicateurs, marqueurs de la présence de la rickettsie. Cette caractéristique est utile car la bactérie peut se transmettre à l’Homme, chez qui elle provoque le «syndrome grippal estival», une affection largement sous-diagnostiquée et considérée comme une zoonose mineure.

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An ovine abortion storm caused by infection with Cytoecetes phagocytophila

Cited by 9 publications

References 0 publications

Molecular and serological evidence of Anaplasma phagocytophilum infection of farm animals in the Black Sea Region of Turkey

Molecular and serological evidence of Anaplasma phagocytophilum infection of farm animals in the Black Sea Region of Turkey

Anaplasma phagocytophilum in Ruminants in Europe

L'ehrlichiose granulocytaire ovine en France

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