An RNA polymerase I enhancer in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

Elion, Elaine A.; Warner, Jonathan R.

doi:10.1128/mcb.6.6.2089

Cited by 160 publications

(135 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…pRR82' was linearized with HindIII and cut with EcoRI, filled in, and ligated to BglII linkers (pRR83). This plasmid was cut with BglII and SalI, and the 3.0-kb fragment was ligated to BamHI-SalI-cut YIpRR10 (10). Schematic diagrams of this and all of the following plasmids (not including the YIp5 portion) are shown in Fig.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…pRR82' was cleaved with BgIIl and SalI, and the 3.2-kb fragment was ligated to BamHI-Sall-cut YIpRR8 (10).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We have identified a sequence element, specific for RNA polymerase I, that has many of the characteristics of an RNA polymerase II enhancer (9,10). In this paper, we explore aspects of the function of RNA polymerase I and its enhancer to ask about the parallels between polymerase I and polymerase II enhancers and about the importance of the tandemness of rRNA genes to polymerase I activity.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It includes sequences that act as an RNA polymerase I promoter in vitro but probably not in vivo (40,41). Finally, it includes sequences that act as a strong enhancer of RNA polymerase I transcription at the normal promoter (9,10,27).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Unusual enhancer function in yeast rRNA transcription.

Johnson

Warner

1989

Mol. Cell. Biol.

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The rRNA genes in most eucaryotic organisms are present in a tandem array. There is substantial evidence that transcription of one of these genes may not be independent of transcription of others. In particular, in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the enhancer of rRNA transcription that lies 2.2 kilobases 5' of the transcription initiation site is at least partly within the upstream transcription unit. The transcription by RNA polymerase II of a wide variety of genes is profoundly influenced by cis-acting short-nucleotide sequences called enhancer elements that can lie upstream or downstream of the transcription unit, at a distance of up to several kilobases. In many cases, the enhancer elements bind protein factors that are necessary for enhancer function. Although a number of models have been proposed (reviewed in reference 30), a clear understanding of enhancer function is not at hand.Two features distinguish rRNA genes from other genes in the eucaryotic cell. They are transcribed by a specific enzyme, RNA polymerase I, and they are arranged in a tandem array. This unique genetic structure has led to speculation that transcription of an individual gene is not independent of transcription of the neighboring genes; e.g., termination at one transcription unit may lead directly to initiation at the neighboring downstream promoter (7,12,15, 26).We have identified a sequence element, specific for RNA polymerase I, that has many of the characteristics of an RNA polymerase II enhancer (9, 10). In this paper, we explore aspects of the function of RNA polymerase I and its enhancer to ask about the parallels between polymerase I and polymerase II enhancers and about the importance of the tandemness of rRNA genes to polymerase I activity.Transcription by RNA polymerase I has been reviewed recently (38). The spacers between individual rRNA transcription units vary in length from 2 kilobase pairs (kb) (yeasts) to >30 kb (mammals). Within them are found a variety of sequence elements that influence the level of transcription. In Xenopus laevis, for example, these include several copies of a sequence closely related to the promoter, dubbed spacer promoters (6,7,22,23,29,33), each followed by about 10 copies of a 60-to 81-base-pair (bp) repeat, that behave in some respects like enhancer elements (22,23,29). The spacer promoters are curious because although they can give rise to transcripts and can stimulate transcription from an adjacent real promoter (6,7,29), the transcription from the spacer promoter seems not to be involved in this stimulation (7,25). Repetitive elements, some related to the promoter, have also been found in the nontranscribed spacer * Corresponding author. t Present address:

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…pRR82' was cleaved with BgIIl and SalI, and the 3.2-kb fragment was ligated to BamHI-Sall-cut YIpRR8 (10).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Unusual enhancer function in yeast rRNA transcription.

Johnson

Warner

1989

Mol. Cell. Biol.

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“…Targets interacting with the ETS2 domain (Elion and Warner, 1986) (i.e. the junction between NTS1-2 and ETS2-2 ; chromosome XII, 460611-460815) were amplified by nested inverse PCR using nested primer pairs (see Supporting information, Table S2).…”

Section: C Assaymentioning

confidence: 99%

Repeated elements coordinate the spatial organization of the yeast genome

O’Sullivan

Sontam

Grierson

et al. 2009

Yeast

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The spatial organization of the chromosomes is crucial for gene expression and development. Inter-and intrachromosomal interactions form a crucial part of this epigenomic regulatory system. Here we use circular chromosome conformation capture-on-chip (4C) to identify interactions between repetitive and non-repetitive loci within the yeast genome. The interacting regions occur in non-randomly distributed clusters. Furthermore, the SIR2 histone deacetylase has opposing roles in the organization of the inter-or intrachromosomal interactions. These data establish a dynamic domain model for yeast genome organization. Moreover, they point to the repeated elements playing a central role in the dynamic organization of genome architecture.

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Regulation of ribosome synthesis in yeast

Planta¹

1997

Yeast

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An RNA polymerase I enhancer in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

Cited by 160 publications

References 57 publications

Unusual enhancer function in yeast rRNA transcription.

Unusual enhancer function in yeast rRNA transcription.

Repeated elements coordinate the spatial organization of the yeast genome

Regulation of ribosome synthesis in yeast

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