An Ultra-Low-Power Energy-Efficient Dual-Mode Wake-Up Receiver

Moazzeni, Shahaboddin; Sawan, Mohamad; Cowan, Glenn

doi:10.1109/tcsi.2014.2360336

Cited by 44 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…The WUR solutions are based on variety of different receiver architectures [7]: matched filter [11], radio frequency envelope detection (RFED) [12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21], uncertain intermediate frequency (U-IF) [22,23], sub-sampling [24,25], superregenerative oscillator (SRO) [8,9,26], and injection locking [27−29]. The design involves many tradeoffs; therefore, it is not straightforward to define, which architecture is best suited for a WUR.…”

Section: Related Work Of Wake-up Receiversmentioning

confidence: 99%

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On the human body communications: wake-up receiver design and channel characterization

Petäjäjärvi

Mikhaylov

Vuohtoniemi

et al. 2016

J Wireless Com Network

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By modulating the electric field induced to a human body, it is possible to transfer data wirelessly using the body as a transmission medium. This method is referred to as human body communication (HBC), which has multiple advantages in comparison with the traditional radio frequency (RF) communication. First, it alleviates the traffic load from the radio channels, which are becoming more and more congested, as the number of connected wireless devices increases rapidly. Second, HBC can potentially provide higher security than traditional RF communication since the electric field stays in the vicinity of a human body, which makes eavesdropping more challenging. Third, the attenuation in the HBC frequency band is lower than in bands used by the other radio technologies for wireless body area networks. To improve energy efficiency in HBC, one approach is to utilize a wake-up receiver (WUR). The WUR is continuously listening for a pre-defined wake-up signal, which activates the other electric circuitry (e.g., sensing, processing, and communication). The use of WURs can significantly reduce the energy consumption and increase the lifetime of the sensing applications. In this work, we propose a superregenerative WUR solution which employs self-quenching and loose synchronization method and operating at sufficiently low (1.25 kbps) data rate in order to obtain high sensitivity while keeping the energy consumption low. This enables to achieve sensitivity of −97 dBm for 10 −3 bit error rate while consuming only 40 μW. The details of the design and the performance evaluation results of the proposed solution are in the paper. Also, the paper reports the results of the practical measurements characterizing the impact of the electrode location on the path loss in an HBC channel. The presented results show that the proposed system can potentially enable communication between two any points on the body with low transmit power.

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Section: Related Work Of Wake-up Receiversmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sensitivity of −88 dBm and power consumption of 50 μW is reported in [22]. Sub-sampling-based WUR proposed in [25] is based on a differential sample and hold (S&H) circuit. Even though the S&H circuit introduces high noise figure, −78 dBm sensitivity is achieved for 10 kbps data rate.…”

Section: Related Work Of Wake-up Receiversmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the human body communications: wake-up receiver design and channel characterization

Petäjäjärvi

Mikhaylov

Vuohtoniemi

et al. 2016

J Wireless Com Network

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“…A differential sample and hold (S&H) circuit with sampling frequency of 136 MHz and 27.5 dB noise figure (NF) combined with IF-amplifier is proposed in [21]. First, the radio signal is down converted from RF (915 MHz) to IF (37 MHz).…”

Section: Sub-samplingmentioning

confidence: 99%

WBAN Energy Efficiency and Dependability Improvement Utilizing Wake-Up Receiver

Petäjäjärvi

Karvonen

Mikhaylov

et al. 2015

IEICE Trans. Commun.

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SUMMARYThis paper discusses the perspectives of using a wake-up receiver (WUR) in wireless body area network (WBAN) applications with event-driven data transfers. First we compare energy efficiency between the WUR-based and the duty-cycled medium access control protocolbased IEEE 802.15.6 compliant WBAN. Then, we review the architectures of state-of-the-art WURs and discuss their suitability for WBANs. The presented results clearly show that the radio frequency envelope detection based architecture features the lowest power consumption at a cost of sensitivity. The other architectures are capable of providing better sensitivity, but consume more power. Finally, we propose the design modification that enables using a WUR to receive the control commands beside the wake-up signals. The presented results reveal that use of this feature does not require complex modifications of the current architectures, but enables to improve energy efficiency and latency for small data blocks transfers.

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“…Wake-up receivers are an essential part of wireless sensor networks, used in applications such as Internet of Things, Ambient Intelligence, and Personal Area Networks [1][2][3][4]. One of the most important challenges in designing a wake-up receiver (WuRx) is to minimize power consumption to extend battery life.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A 170nW CMOS wake-up receiver with −60 dBm sensitivity using AlN high-Q piezoelectric resonators

Block

Jiang

Harris

et al. 2017

2017 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS)

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Abstract-A new wake-up receiver (WuRx) designed in 0.13 µm CMOS process is hybrid-integrated with a microelectromechanical system (MEMS) RF resonator. While only consuming 166 nW of power (18.8 nW for the comparator and 147 nW for periphery), the WuRx is capable of detecting RF signals as weak as -60 dBm. In order to achieve this sensitivity, a passive voltage-boosting network comprised of a high quality factor (high-Q) piezoelectric MEMS resonator is utilized, in place of an inductor, to amplify the received voltages applied to a CMOS rectifier. The output of the rectifier is then applied to a low-power comparator used to set a logical bit that indicates when an RF signal has been detected. The trade-offs in designing the voltage boosting network are explained and an equation for the optimum number of rectifier stages is derived.

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An Ultra-Low-Power Energy-Efficient Dual-Mode Wake-Up Receiver

Cited by 44 publications

References 9 publications

On the human body communications: wake-up receiver design and channel characterization

On the human body communications: wake-up receiver design and channel characterization

WBAN Energy Efficiency and Dependability Improvement Utilizing Wake-Up Receiver

A 170nW CMOS wake-up receiver with −60 dBm sensitivity using AlN high-Q piezoelectric resonators

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