An unconventional method for exploration of oil and gas

Jan, M. T.; Iqbal, Adeel; Shoaib, Muhammad

doi:10.1109/icet.2012.6375421

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…The common method is open-pit mining, and oil shale is dug out from orebody, which is similar to coal mining. According to the depth of orebody, open-pit mining is classified as shallow surface mining and underground tunnel mining [13,14] . The new trend of producing oil shale is in-situ production, which is similar to oil production that the product is dug out without disturbing strata [15,16] .…”

Section: Production Technology Of Oil Shalementioning

confidence: 99%

Summary and Overview of Development Technologies of Unconventional Oil and Gas Reservoir

Zhao

2013

AMR

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Conventional reservoirs and unconventional reservoirs differ a lot in terms of accumulation mechanism, distribution, exploration evaluation method and technique. Therefore the accumulation study and exploration evaluation for unconventional reservoir are different from that of traditional reservoir. This paper presents five development techniques of unconventional oil and gas resources, their features, advantages and disadvantages and summarizes the current advanced technologies and their development trends.

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Section: Production Technology Of Oil Shalementioning

confidence: 99%

Summary and Overview of Development Technologies of Unconventional Oil and Gas Reservoir

Zhao

2013

AMR

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“…[ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 ]. In some situations, ultra-sensitive accelerometers are demanded to sense extremely weak motion or vibration information, such as the measurement of very weak acceleration in space missions [ 5 , 6 ] and land seismic wave acquisition [ 7 , 8 , 9 ]. An electrostatically-suspended accelerometer (ESA) usually employs a free proof mass (PM) levitated fully by capacitive position-sensing and electrostatic-forcing feedback, and can offer ultra-high resolutions better than pico- g in micro-gravity space applications by largely decreasing their measuring ranges below micro- g [ 6 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Self-Locking Avoidance and Stiffness Compensation of a Three-Axis Micromachined Electrostatically Suspended Accelerometer

Yin

Sun

Han

2016

Sensors

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A micromachined electrostatically-suspended accelerometer (MESA) is a kind of three-axis inertial sensor based on fully-contactless electrostatic suspension of the proof mass (PM). It has the potential to offer broad bandwidth, high sensitivity, wide dynamic range and, thus, would be perfectly suited for land seismic acquisition. Previous experiments showed that it is hard to lift up the PM successfully during initial levitation as the mass needs to be levitated simultaneously in all six degrees of freedom (DoFs). By analyzing the coupling electrostatic forces and torques between three lateral axes, it is found there exists a self-locking zone due to the cross-axis coupling effect. To minimize the cross-axis coupling and solve the initial levitation problem, this paper proposes an effective control scheme by delaying the operation of one lateral actuator. The experimental result demonstrates that the PM can be levitated up with six-DoF suspension operation at any initial position. We also propose a feed-forward compensation approach to minimize the negative stiffness effect inherent in electrostatic suspension. The experiment results demonstrate that a more broadband linear amplitude-frequency response and higher suspension stiffness can be achieved, which is crucial to maintain high vector fidelity for potential use as a three-component MEMS geophone. The preliminary performance tests of the three-axis linear accelerometer were conducted under normal atmospheric pressure and room temperature. The main results and noise analysis are presented. It is shown that vacuum packaging of the MEMS sensor is essential to extend the bandwidth and lower the noise floor, especially for low-noise seismic data acquisition.

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An unconventional method for exploration of oil and gas

Cited by 2 publications

References 8 publications

Summary and Overview of Development Technologies of Unconventional Oil and Gas Reservoir

Summary and Overview of Development Technologies of Unconventional Oil and Gas Reservoir

Self-Locking Avoidance and Stiffness Compensation of a Three-Axis Micromachined Electrostatically Suspended Accelerometer

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