An unified cosmological evolution driven by a mass dimension one fermionic field

Abstract

An unified cosmological model for an Universe filled with a mass dimension one (MDO) fermionic field plus the standard matter fields is considered. After a primordial quantum fluctuation the field slowly rolls down to the bottom of a symmetry breaking potential, driving the Universe to an inflationary regime that increases the scale factor for about 71 e-folds. After the end of inflation, the field starts to oscillate and can transfer its energy to the standard model particles through a reheating mechanism. Such a process is briefly discussed in terms of the admissible couplings of the MDO field with the electromagnetic and Higgs fields. We show that even if the field loses all its kinetic energy during reheating, it can evolve as dark matter due a gravitational coupling (of spinorial origin) with baryonic matter. Since the field acquires a constant value at the bottom of the potential, a non-null, although tiny, mass term acts as a dark energy component nowadays.Therefore, we conclude that MDO fermionic field is a good candidate to drive the whole evolution of the Universe, in such a way that the inflationary field, dark matter and dark energy are described by different manifestations of a single field.

A new class of mass dimension one fermions

“…The uniqueness, however, hinges on the implicit assumption that the square root of a 4 × 4 identity matrix I multiplying the m 2 on the right-hand side is I itself. The recent emergence of the new spin one-half fermions with mass dimension one provides a strong reason that other roots of I may lead to new spin one half matter fields, and these may serve the dark matter sector or at the least provide us with a complete set of particle content consistent with basic principles of quantum mechanics and symmetries of special relativity [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19].…”

Some remarks on dual helicity flag-dipole spinors

“…This spinors are potential candidates to describe dark matter, dark energy and to construct mass-dimension-one fermions, as remarked in [20]. To the best of our knowledge, there is compelling evidence in astrophysics and cosmology that most of the mass of the Universe is composed of a new form of non baryonic dark matter, as it can be seen in [21][22][23], there is a lack of evidence of the existence of new physics at LHC (Large Hadron Collider) and other particle physics experiments. On the theory side, many specific models with new particles and interactions beyond the standard model have been proposed to account for dark matter [24].…”

Mass dimension one fermions: Constructing darkness

“…In parallel with the development of the formalism [5][6][7][8][9][10][11], there are a significant number of authors who have explored viability of the new fermions for cosmology, including inflation, dark matter and dark energy [12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30]. While others have given a serious thought to the implications of new spinors for fivedimensional branes and higher dimensions [31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38].…”

“…The Matsubara frequency sum in (185) must be taken over ω n = 2nπ β for bosons and ω n = (2n+1)π β for fermions, where n is an integer. 21 We have: 21 See [96,98] for further details.…”