An unsolved problem in developing countries: hydatid cysts in children

Öztorun, Can İhsan; Demir, Sabri̇; Güney, Doğuş; Ertürk, Ahmet; Ilikan, Gülşah Bayram; Karabulut, Bilge; Azılı, Müjdem Nur; Şenel, Emrah

doi:10.1007/s00383-021-04904-3

Cited by 9 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…In Mishra's study, boys were 3 times more likely to be infected than girls (39). In another study, however, the difference in statistics between boys and girls was almost negligible (32,40,41), but some studies reported that CE was more common in females (6,34). In Moosazadeh's study, this rate was higher in women, but the study was conducted in adult patients, and this difference may be attributed to the age of the participants (31).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

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Cystic Hydatid Disease in Children in Gorgan from 2014 to 2021

Barati,

Shahkar,

Raeiji

et al. 2023

Iran J Pediatr

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Background: Cystic hydatid disease is a serious human cestode infection caused by the larval stage of Echinococcus granulosus. Hydatidosis is an important health and economic problem in Iran. Objectives: This study aims to investigate clinical manifestations, laboratory findings, and imaging of hydatidosis in children. Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted based on the information recorded in the files of patients hospitalized due to hydatidosis at the Taleghani Children's Hospital in Gorgan from 2014 to 2021. The data was analyzed with the help of SPSS software version 25, utilizing descriptive statistics and the chi-square test. Results: Out of 58,974 patients admitted to Taleghani Hospital during 2014 - 2021, the frequency of hydatidosis was 42 (0.071%) cases. The patients comprised 78.5% boys and 21.5% girls, with an average age of 8.5 years ranging from 3 to 17 years old. A significant statistical difference was seen between the sexes (P = 0.012). There was a history of close contact with animals in 76.2% of patients and 73.9% of children in the village. The frequency of the total cyst was 75, and the most common location of the cyst was in the liver (60%) in the right lobe of the liver (54.6%) and then in the lung (36%) in the RLL region (17.4%). Single cysts (57.1%), unifocal cysts (61.9%), and CE1 cysts (40%) had the highest frequency. The most common symptom of liver involvement was abdominal pain (59.5%) and chronic cough in lung cysts (45.2%). Cysts with a size of 5 - 10 cm had the highest frequency (52%), and most were hypoechoic (48%). Positive serology test was reported in 11 cases (26.2%) and positive pathology in 22 cases (52.4%). The chance of hydatidosis in boys was 2.5 times higher than in girls, and in rural areas, it was more than three times higher than in urban areas. Conclusions: In this study, hydatidosis was more common in village boys aged 3-9. The liver and lung involvement were common, which required surgery in most cases. Considering the high prevalence of this disease in Gorgan, it is necessary to design an intervention plan to reduce children's burden, and a multidisciplinary approach should be planned to reduce its mortality and morbidity among children.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…Previous studies have reported different surgery rates. Other studies reported the surgery rate as 60.5 -100% (22,34,36,39,41,42).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cystic Hydatid Disease in Children in Gorgan from 2014 to 2021

Barati,

Shahkar,

Raeiji

et al. 2023

Iran J Pediatr

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“…While total splenectomy may entail a higher risk of morbidity and mortality, it is nonetheless recommended in poor and underdeveloped countries. Alternative conservative modalities include cyst enucleation, partial cystectomy, percutaneous aspiration irrigation and re-aspiration (PAIR), and the intraoperative application of scolicidal agents 4 , 8 , 14 – 17 . Total splenectomy is the preferred approach due to its association with specific peri-operative therapeutic measures.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A 16-year-old adolescent with a history of minor abdominal trauma diagnosed with a giant isolated primary splenic hydatid cyst: a case report

Vantankhah,

Ameri,

Bahrami Taqanaki

et al. 2024

Annals of Medicine &Amp; Surgery

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Introduction: Hydatosis is a zoonotic parasitic disease caused by echinococcosis larval infection. South America, Africa, the Middle East, South Europe, India, and Australia are endemic to this disease. Splenic involvement is a rare and complicated hydatid disease presentation. A splenic hydatid cyst is an infrequent clinical occurrence, even in regions where the disease is endemic. Case presentation: A 16-year-old male, having a background of mild abdominal trauma and non-resolving dull abdominal pain attended a paediatric surgical outpatient office and following a thorough examination, was diagnosed with a giant solitary isolated splenic hydatid cyst. Subsequently, the patient received albendazole and underwent total splenectomy, necessitated by the considerable size of the cyst, classified as a giant. Clinical discussion: Splenic involvement of hydatid disease is a rare presentation (0.5–8%.). With the initial clinical finding often involving the accidental discovery of a palpable mass, the most frequently reported symptoms and signs include the presence of a palpable mass, fever, dull pain, or splenomegaly. Ultrasound and computed tomography are the most helpful tools for evaluating focal splenic diseases. The preferred treatment involves the use of antihelminthic drugs such as albendazole or mebendazole in conjunction with splenectomy. Total splenectomy is the preferred approach and is associated with decreased hospital stay, reduced healthcare costs, and a lower likelihood of recurrence. Conclusion: in endemic areas, in patients with splenic cysts, hydatidosis should be contemplated.

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“…Studies have also been reported the prevalence of the multiorgan involvement in the paediatric patients as 0%-12.5%. [6][7][8][9][10][11][12] In the literature, paediatric patients with the multiorgan involvement have been reported as case reports. [13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23] All the current cases of multiorgan involvement are presented in Table 3.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, ≥3 organ involvement is very rare, especially in the paediatric patients. Studies have also been reported the prevalence of the multiorgan involvement in the paediatric patients as 0%–12.5% 6–12 . In the literature, paediatric patients with the multiorgan involvement have been reported as case reports 13–23 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi‐organ/disseminated echinococcosis in children: Case series and review of the literature

Çay

Alabaz

Gündeşli̇oğlu

et al. 2022

J Paediatrics Child Health

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Aim: Echinococcosis with multi-organ/disseminated involvement is rare in childhood. We aimed to evaluate the clinical and laboratory characteristics and prognosis in paediatric patients with echinococcosis having multiorgan/disseminated involvement. Method: We evaluated retrospectively children with echinococcosis with involvement of three or more organs. Results: Thirteen patients were included in the study. The median age was 120 (range 71-189) months. Three (23%) were diagnosed incidentally. Abdominal pain was seen in 5 (38.4%) patients, vomiting in 4 (30.7%), headache in 3 (23%), cough in 2 (15.3%), groin pain in 1 (7.6%), 1 (7.6%) had jaundice and 1 (7.6%) had fever. The median duration of complaints was 48 (0-140) days. The most common tripartite organ was 38.4% (5/13) liver, lung and spleen. Isolated abdominal dissemination was detected in two patients. Two patients had multi-organ involvement and multiple cysts with dissemination. Cyst rupture was observed in three of the patients; recurrent urinary tract infection, hydroureteronephrosis, secondary peritonitis with intraabdominal abscess, and biliary tract fistula were each observed in one patient. Relapse developed in 3 (23%) patients. Conclusion: Echinococcosis is a very slow growing and complex parasitic disease that affects many organs and tissues. In our study, eosinophilia, recurrence, and complications were seen at a higher rate in paediatric patients with multiorgan involvement, who required repetitive surgeries and long-term medical treatment. However, there are scanty data on risk factors, optimum treatment and prognosis.

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An unsolved problem in developing countries: hydatid cysts in children

Cited by 9 publications

References 18 publications

Cystic Hydatid Disease in Children in Gorgan from 2014 to 2021

Cystic Hydatid Disease in Children in Gorgan from 2014 to 2021

A 16-year-old adolescent with a history of minor abdominal trauma diagnosed with a giant isolated primary splenic hydatid cyst: a case report

Multi‐organ/disseminated echinococcosis in children: Case series and review of the literature

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