“…C–H bond activation is an attractive avenue for the transformation of inexpensive and abundant feedstocks into value-added commodity chemicals. At the industrial level, for example, the DuPont “butox” process catalyzes the partial oxidation of n -butane to maleic anhydride via a heterogeneous vanadium phosphorus oxide (VPO) catalyst. − While most research assigned the vanadyl (VO) centers as the reactive sites for butane C–H bond activation, recent DFT studies suggest that the catalyst support PO bonds, tethered to neighboring vanadyls, may instead be responsible, reacting by a cooperative proton-coupled electron transfer (PCET) mechanism with neighboring high-valent V centers (Scheme a). − In order to probe this possible new main-group mediated C–H bond functionalization chemistry, we have recently reported a suite of molecular mono- or multimetallic VPO model complexes of the general formula, (R x V n –L) y P(O)Ar (3– y ) (R x = Cp 2 , n = +3, L = O, y = 1, 2, and 3, Ar = Ph; R x = Cp 2 , n = +3, L = O(O)C(C 6 H 4 ), y = 1 and 3, Ar = Ph; R x = (Ph 2 N) 3 , n = +5, L = N, y = 1, Ar = Ph, C 6 F 5 ) (Cp = η 5 -C 5 H 5 ). − All of these molecules bear a central M–L–EO framework where M is the metal redox reservoir (e.g., V), L is a resonance linker atom (e.g., O and N) or fragment (e.g., aryl), and E is the main group center (e.g., P). Using the high-valent (Ph 2 N) 3 VN–P(O)Ar 2 (Ar = Ph or C 6 F 5 ) complexes, we found convincing evidence supporting this proposed PCET pathway using an H atom donor, as well as an H atom surrogate in the form of a TMS • donor (TMS = Me 3 Si) (Scheme a) .…”