An unusual case of nicotine dependence

Edwards, John

doi:10.1017/s0033291700026015

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 5 publications

(6 reference statements)

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“…For an example, the majority of the ST users reported being fairly "or extremely addicted and frequently or always experiencing craving when without any tobacco products. Case reports of ST dependence have also been published in which patients experienced all the hallmarks of addiction to a drug: withdrawal effects when ST was unavailable, going to extremes to obtain the product, and continued use of ST despite experiencing severe consequences due to its use (Edwards, 1987;Morse, Norvich, & Graf, 1977). The physical addiction to ST is attributed to the addiction to nicotine.…”

Section: Scope Of the Problemmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One published case report described a patient experiencing headache, anxiety, nausea and occasional vomiting, irritability, tremulousness, blurred vision and insomnia upon cessation of ST use (Morse et al, 1977), while another case report described a woman who experienced tension and irritability (Edwards, 1987). Relatively few prospective studies have been conducted with ST users.…”

Section: Physical Dependencementioning

confidence: 99%

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Oral spit tobacco: addiction, prevention and treatment

Hatsukami

Severson

1999

Nicotine & Tobacco Research

100

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The prevalence of smokeless tobacco is significant and reaches as high as 17% past month use in white males aged 18-25. Smokeless tobacco use is of concern because of the potential for addiction and the associated negative health consequences. This article reviews the basis for addiction to smokeless tobacco, examining the nicotine content in smokeless tobacco products, pharmacokinetics, psychoactive effects, tolerance, and withdrawal. It also explores the negative health consequences which include a number of oral pathologies and increased cardiovascular risk factors. Furthermore, it examines the factors associated with the initiation of smokeless tobacco use, and the current prevention programs that address these factors. Current smokeless tobacco treatment approaches are also discussed as well as predictors for abstinence. Finally, the future directions are discussed in light of the limited amount of research that has been conducted in the smokeless tobacco area, particularly related to prevention and treatment.

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Section: Scope Of the Problemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Physical Dependencementioning

confidence: 99%

Oral spit tobacco: addiction, prevention and treatment

Hatsukami

Severson

1999

Nicotine & Tobacco Research

100

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“…The effects of smokeless tobacco products on sympathetic nervous system are similar to that of normal cigarettes and they increase heart rate and blood pressure [41,42]. Prevalence of hypercholesterolemia was found to be 2.5 times higher in STP users as compared to nonusers [43].…”

Section: Effects On Cardiovascular Systemmentioning

confidence: 96%

Can the Use of Smokeless Tobacco Products Be Accepted as a Harm Reduction Method in Tobacco Addiction?

Öztuna¹,

Aytemur²,

Elbek³

et al. 2014

Tur Toraks Der

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The goal of smoking cessation treatment is to keep the patient completely away from tobacco and tobacco products. The aim of harm reduction strategies in tobacco control is to reduce the risks associated with tobacco use. In order to turn it into an opportunity, tobacco companies have developed smokeless tobacco products. Some epidemiological studies have reported that smokeless tobacco products are safer than tobacco smoke. However, this method is not completely harmless. In this review, we will discuss all aspects of tobacco harm reduction methods.

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