An unusual localised pigmented skin lesion on the nipple-areola complex

Guo, Hao; Gao, Xinghua; Liu, Chang; Li, Jiu‐Hong

doi:10.1136/bmj.k2047

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 9 publications

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“…Estrogens are natural hormones known to play important roles in the development of sexual and other body functions (Gruber et al 2002). There is a connection between estrogen and breast cancer, supported by many studies that have reported the levels of estrogen associated with the occurrence and development of breast cancer (Blander 2006;Campagnoli et al 1999;Guo et al 2018). It is reported that about 80% of patients with breast cancer are also estrogen receptor (ER)positive (Blander 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estrogen-regulated PTTG1 promotes breast cancer progression by regulating cyclin kinase expression

Meng

Zou

Hong

et al. 2020

Mol Med

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Background The present study aims to investigate the effects of pituitary tumor transforming gene (PTTG) 1 on breast cancer and its underlying mechanism. Methods GEO data set was applied to analyze the relationship between PTTG1 and survival status and the TCGA breast cancer dataset was used to explore its possible targets. The stable cell lines including PTTG1 knockdown cells, estrogen receptor (ESR) 1 knockdown cells, and PTTG1 overexpression cells were constructed. MTT was used to determine cell viabilities. Propidium iodide (PI) staining and flow cytometry were used to analyze the cell cycle. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) was employed to determine the mRNA expressions. Points mutations and luciferase reporter assays were used to determine the binding sites of estrogen. Results PTTG1 was associated with poor survival rates in breast cancer. In vitro study demonstrated that PTTG1 affected cell viabilities of MCF7 and T47D cells. Besides, PTTG1 affected cell cycle arrest of breast cancer cells. Overexpression of PTTG1 led to more breast cancer cells distributed in S phase. The levels of PTTG1 were associated with estrogen and further results showed that the levels of PTTG1 were positively correlated to tamoxifen resistance. Two genes including CCNA2 and CCNB2 were identified to be possible targets of PTTG1. Conclusion Estrogen-regulated PTTG1 promotes the development of breast cancer cells by the regulation of the cell cycle.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%