An Unusual Near-Equatorial Typhoon

Holliday, Charles R.; Thompson, A. H.

doi:10.1175/1520-0493(1986)114<2674:aunet>2.0.co;2

Cited by 11 publications

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“…Other examples of formation near the Equator are those of Typhoon Sarah (1956), which formed at 1.7°N (Fortner, ), and Typhoon Kate (1970), which formed and intensified into a major typhoon while located equatorward of 5°N (Holliday and Thompson, ). Typhoon Kate had a somewhat small inner core size, with an eye diameter of just 31 km observed on October 16, 1970.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An idealized numerical study of tropical cyclogenesis and evolution at the Equator

Kilroy

Smith

Montgomery

2020

Quart J Royal Meteoro Soc

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Tropical cyclone formation and evolution at, or near, the Equator is explored using idealized three‐dimensional model simulations, starting from a prescribed, initial, weak counterclockwise rotating vortex in an otherwise quiescent, nonrotating environment. Three simulations are carried out in which the maximum tangential wind speed (5 m s −1) is specified at an initial radius of 50, 100, or 150 km. After a period of gestation lasting between 30 and 60 hr, the vortices intensify rapidly, the evolution being similar to that for vortices away from the Equator. In particular, the larger the initial vortex size, the longer the gestation period, the larger the maximum intensity attained, and the longer the vortex lifetime. Beyond a few days, the vortices decay as the cyclonic vorticity source provided by the initial vortex is depleted and negative vorticity surrounding the vortex core is drawn inwards by the convectively driven overturning circulation. In these negative vorticity regions, the flow is inertially/centrifugally unstable. The vortex evolution during the mature and decay phases differs from that in simulations away from the Equator, where inertially unstable regions are much more limited in area. Vortex decay in the simulations appears to be related intimately to the development of inertial instability, which is accompanied by an outward‐propagating band of deep convection. The degree to which this band of deep convection is realistic is unknown.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An idealized numerical study of tropical cyclogenesis and evolution at the Equator

Kilroy

Smith

Montgomery

2020

Quart J Royal Meteoro Soc

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Sensitivity of Typhoon Vamei (2001) Simulation to Planetary Boundary Layer Parameterization Using PSU/NCAR MM5

Loh

Juneng

Tangang

2010

Pure Appl. Geophys.

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This paper investigates the sensitivity of the numerical simulations of a near equatorial Typhoon Vamei (2001) to various planetary boundary layer (PBL) parameterization schemes in the Pennsylvania State University (PSU)/National Centre for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) non-hydrostatic mesoscale model (MM5). The numerical simulations are conducted on two domains at 45 and 15 km grids nested in a one-way fashion.Four different PBL parameterization schemes including the Blackadar (BLK) scheme, the Burk-Thompson (BURKT) scheme, the NCEP Eta model scheme and the NCEP medium range forecast (MRF) model scheme are investigated. Results indicate that the intensity and propagation track of the simulated near equatorial typhoon system is not very sensitive to the different PBL treatments. The simulated minimum central pressures and the maximum surface wind speeds differ by only 5-6 hPa and 6-8 ms -1 , respectively. Larger variations between the simulations occur during the weakening phase of the typhoon system. While all schemes simulated the typhoon with reasonable accuracy, the ETA scheme produces the strongest storm intensity with the largest heat exchanges over the marine environment and the highest warm moisture air content in the PBL around the core of the storm.

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Near-equatorial typhoon development: Climatology and numerical simulations

Zhang

2010

Adv. Atmos. Sci.

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An Unusual Near-Equatorial Typhoon

Cited by 11 publications

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An idealized numerical study of tropical cyclogenesis and evolution at the Equator

An idealized numerical study of tropical cyclogenesis and evolution at the Equator

Sensitivity of Typhoon Vamei (2001) Simulation to Planetary Boundary Layer Parameterization Using PSU/NCAR MM5

Near-equatorial typhoon development: Climatology and numerical simulations

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