An Unusual Red Carbon Nitride to Boost the Photoelectrochemical Performance of Wide Bandgap Photoanodes

Yang, Yaping; Wang, Songcan; Jiao, Yalong; Wang, Zhiliang; Xiao, Mu; Du, Aijun; Li, Yongli; Wang, Jinshu; Wang, Luyao

doi:10.1002/adfm.201805698

Cited by 113 publications

(67 citation statements)

References 70 publications

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“…C 3 N 4 sensitized TiO 2 nanotube showed 1.5 mA/cm 2 [28]. Yang et al reported red C 3 N 4 , which exhibited 2.2 mA/cm 2 in a higher voltage range, whereas in the lower voltage region it only showed 0.5 mA/cm 2 [40]. The current work demonstrates the role of thiourea on the photoelectrochemical performance and it is noteworthy that the photoelectrode TiO 2 /C 3 N 4 -CMT achieved 2.74 mA/cm 2 , which is highest photocurrent density reported for C 3 N 4 sensitized TiO 2 till date.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of C3N4 Precursors on Photoelectrochemical Behavior of TiO2/C3N4 Photoanode for Solar Water Oxidation

et al. 2020

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Photoelectrochemical water splitting is considered as a long-term solution for the ever-increasing energy demands. Various strategies have been employed to improve the traditional TiO2 photoanode. In this study, TiO2 nanorods were decorated by graphitic carbon nitride (C3N4) derived from different precursors such as thiourea, melamine, and a mixture of thiourea and melamine. Photoelectrochemical activity of TiO2/C3N4 photoanode can be modified by tuning the number of precursors used to synthesize C3N4. C3N4 derived from the mixture of melamine and thiourea in TiO2/C3N4 photoanode showed photocurrent density as high as 2.74 mA/cm2 at 1.23 V vs. RHE. C3N4 synthesized by thiourea showed particle-like morphology, while melamine and melamine with thiourea derived C3N4 yielded two dimensional (2D) nanosheets. Nanosheet-like C3N4 showed higher photoelectrochemical performance than that of particle-like nanostructures as specific surface area, and the redox ability of nanosheets are believed to be superior to particle-like nanostructures. TiO2/C3N4 displayed excellent photostability up to 20 h under continuous illumination. Thiourea plays an important role in enhancing the photoelectrochemical performance of TiO2/C3N4. This study emphasizes the fact that the improved photoelectrochemical performance can be achieved by varying the precursors of C3N4 in TiO2/C3N4 heterojunction. This is the first report to show the influence of C3N4 precursors on photoelectrochemical performance in TiO2/C3N4 systems. This would pave the way to explore different precursors influence on C3N4 with respect to the photoelectrochemical response of TiO2/C3N4 heterojunction photoanode.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of C3N4 Precursors on Photoelectrochemical Behavior of TiO2/C3N4 Photoanode for Solar Water Oxidation

et al. 2020

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“…Compared with solvothermal method, MSM can provide a higher temperature treatment process and liquid reaction environment, which make the combination of doped elements and matrix more stable. [ 18,81,82 ] At the same time, the liquid environment provided by molten salt makes the element distribution more uniform. In addition, the post‐treatment after the end of the reaction is simpler, and the excess salt can be removed by solvent cleaning.…”

Section: Advantages Of Msm For Photocatalyst Synthesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Molten‐Salt Technology Application for the Synthesis of Photocatalytic Materials

Luo

Wang

et al. 2021

Energy Tech

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Most of the photocatalytic materials are prepared by wet chemical methods and calcination methods. These preparation methods usually have the problems of slow reaction speed and low crystallinity of products, which seriously restrict the development of photocatalytic technology. Molten salt method (MSM) has attracted much attention of researchers because of its unique advantages in optimizing the synthesis route of photocatalyst. Herein, the application of molten salt technology in the preparation of photocatalytic materials in recent years is summarized. The advantages of MSM in photocatalytic synthesis, such as promoting crystallization, adjusting morphology, accelerating the construction of heterostructure, stabilizing single atom, doping auxiliary elements and adjusting defect position, are also discussed in detail. It is indicated that MSM has important application potential in the preparation of photocatalytic materials. Meanwhile, the research achievements and existing problems of MSM are summarized, and suggestions for further application of MSM in photocatalyst's preparation are put forward.

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“…[ 1–4 ] Currently, nonprecious metal‐free photocatalyst with remarkable activity is widely reckoned as an appealing one in photocatalytic energy conversion due to the sustained availability and economic adaptability. [ 5–8 ] Among them, g‐C 3 N 4 is characterized by its many excellent properties, such as thermodynamically suitability (≈600 °C), [ 9 ] moderate bandgap (≈2.7 eV), [ 10,11 ] van der Waals effect, [ 12–14 ] and high polymeric flexibility. [ 15,16 ] Moreover, owing to the common availability by using earth‐abundant carbon/nitrogen‐contained precursors (such as melamine, urea, cyanamide, and thiourea) through a thermal condensation process, g‐C 3 N 4 has been introduced as a significant metal‐free material in various photocatalytic applications.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon–Graphitic Carbon Nitride Hybrids for Heterogeneous Photocatalysis

Cheng

Zhang

et al. 2020

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Polymeric graphitic carbon nitride (g‐C3N4) and various carbon materials have experienced a renaissance as viable alternates in photocatalysis due to their captivating metal‐free features, favorable photoelectric properties, and economic adaptabilities. Although numerous efforts have focused on the integration of both materials with optimized photocatalytic performance in recent years, the direct parameters for this emerging enhancement are not fully summarized yet. Fully understanding the synergistic effects between g‐C3N4 and carbon materials on photocatalytic action is vital to further development of metal‐free semiconductors in future studies. Here, recent advances of carbon/g‐C3N4 hybrids on various photocatalytic applications are reviewed. The dominant governing factors by inducing carbon into g‐C3N4 photocatalysts with involving photocatalytic mechanism are highlighted. Five typical carbon‐induced enhancement effects are mainly discussed here, i.e., local electric modification, band structure tailoring, multiple charge carrier activation, chemical group functionalization, and abundant surface‐modified engineering. Photocatalytic performance of carbon‐induced g‐C3N4 photocatalysts for addressing directly both the renewable energy storage and environmental remediation is also summarized. Finally, perspectives and ongoing challenges encountered in the development of metal‐free carbon‐induced g‐C3N4 photocatalysts are presented.

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An Unusual Red Carbon Nitride to Boost the Photoelectrochemical Performance of Wide Bandgap Photoanodes

Cited by 113 publications

References 70 publications

Influence of C3N4 Precursors on Photoelectrochemical Behavior of TiO2/C3N4 Photoanode for Solar Water Oxidation

Influence of C3N4 Precursors on Photoelectrochemical Behavior of TiO2/C3N4 Photoanode for Solar Water Oxidation

Molten‐Salt Technology Application for the Synthesis of Photocatalytic Materials

Carbon–Graphitic Carbon Nitride Hybrids for Heterogeneous Photocatalysis

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