An update of the incidence of fulminant hepatitis due to viral agents during pregnancy

Seifoleslami, Mehri

doi:10.1556/1646.10.2018.40

Cited by 1 publication

(1 citation statement)

References 27 publications

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“…Like HAV, HEV typically causes only acute hepatitis, but in sharp contrast to HAV, HEV can be particularly virulent and severe in pregnancy, with significant maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality compared with the non-pregnant population [109,110]. More than 50 % of acute HEV infections occur in the third trimester with 5-10 % in the first trimester and the remaining one third in the second trimester of pregnancy [75,111].…”

Section: Hepatitis Ementioning

confidence: 99%

Viral Hepatitis in pregnancy

Chilaka

Konje

2021

European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductiv

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The global prevalence of viral hepatitis is very high and seems to be rising over the years. The infection can profoundly affect pregnant women causing significant maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality with some strains much worse than others. Hepatitis A (HAV) and E (HEV) which are transmitted mainly through the faecal-oral route present as acute hepatitis during pregnancy and are responsible for most local epidemic outbreaks. HAV infection remains self-limiting during pregnancy, while HEV has a higher prevalence and causes significant morbidity. It is also associated with a very high maternal mortality rate (20 %) and requires special attention in endemic areas. HEV vaccines do exist, but the WHO has yet to approve them for general use. Hepatitis B is the most prevalent form and is part of the antenatal screening program. The presence of HBeAg is associated with high viral loads and infectivity. Antiviral therapy, preferably tenofovir (TDF), is recommended for mothers with viral load ! 200,000 IU/mL 2), with the neonates receiving both active and passive immunisations. Hepatitis C and D are usually found as chronic infections in the pregnant and non-pregnant populations. Screening for hepatitis C during pregnancy and its subsequent management is still unsettled, but the introduction of direct-acting antiviral (DAA) drugs will change the picture if their safety is established in pregnancy. HDV is an incomplete virus linked to HBV and cannot establish an infection on its own. Controlling HBV is paramount to controlling HDV. HEV is quite prevalent and looked upon as hepatotropic. It seems to be quite prevalent in some blood donor populations and has a high coinfection rate with HCV. It has a high Mother-to-Child-Transmission (MTCT) but causes little or no illness in infected infants, and antenatal screening is not justified. This review summarises the prevalence, clinical picture, maternal, perinatal effects, and the management and prevention of hepatitis A, B, C, D, E and G viral infections during pregnancy.

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