An Update on Sinonasal Round Cell Undifferentiated Tumors

Franchi, Alessandro

doi:10.1007/s12105-016-0695-8

Cited by 14 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 56 publications

(51 reference statements)

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“…However, the tumor cells exhibited positive expression of epithelial markers, including EMA and pan-cytokeratin. These characteristics mimic those of undifferentiated nasopharyngeal carcinomas that occur commonly in sinonasal regions (14). However, characteristically, undifferentiated nasopharyngeal carcinomas exhibit cytokeratin 5, p63 and p40 expression (15), which was not exhibited by the tissue analyzed in the present study.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 65%

Undifferentiated sinonasal malignant melanoma: A case report

Huang

et al. 2018

Oncol Lett

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Undifferentiated sinonasal malignant melanoma (MM) is a rare type of tumor, which can be easily misdiagnosed. The present study reports a 41-year-old male patient who presented with a 4-day history of epistaxis. Clinical examination and radiological imaging lead to the detection of a mass in the right sinonasal region. Histopathological examination revealed that the mass was composed of malignant epithelioid cells arranged in nests and sheets. These cells displayed a hemangiopericytoma-like pattern with antler-like branching vessels. Immunohistochemical staining revealed that the tumor cells exhibited negative expression of melanocytic markers. This increased the difficulty of distinguishing undifferentiated MM from other malignant tumors located in the sinonasal area, particularly undifferentiated nasopharyngeal carcinoma. The diagnosis of undifferentiated MM was determined by ultrastructures, including the mature melanosomes and premelanosomes, in tumor cells by transmission electron microscopy. The present study suggests that the analysis of cancer stem cell marker and vasculogenic mimicry may be an important auxiliary tool for the diagnosis of MM.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 65%

Undifferentiated sinonasal malignant melanoma: A case report

Huang

et al. 2018

Oncol Lett

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“…The 2017 World Health Organization (WHO) classification of head and neck tumours has defined SNUC as a highly aggressive tumour of uncertain histogenesis without evidence of squamous or glandular differentiation 1 thus representing a category with a diagnosis of exclusion. Some evidence for neuroendocrine differentiation in SNUC has been reported 5 , 6 , but most authors do not classify them as neuroendocrine neoplasms for the lack of neuroendocrine immunoreactivity 7 – 9 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic profiling of poorly differentiated sinonasal tumours

López-Hernández

Vivanco

Franchi

et al. 2018

Sci Rep

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The sinonasal cavities harbour a variety of rare tumour types. Many carry a poor prognosis while therapeutic options are limited. Histopathological classification can be difficult, especially for poorly differentiated tumours such as olfactory neuroblastoma (ONB), sinonasal neuroendocrine carcinoma (SNEC) and sinonasal undifferentiated carcinoma (SNUC). We analysed Affymetrix OncoScan genome-wide copy number profiles of these three tumour types, both as originally diagnosed and as regrouped by their cytokeratin (Ck) and neuroendocrine (Ne) expression pattern, aiming to find a relation between phenotype and genotype. According to the original histopathological classification our series consisted of 24 ONB, 11 SNEC and 19 SNUC, while immunohistochemistry indicated 11 Ck−Ne+/ONB, 18 Ck+Ne+/SNEC, 24 Ck+Ne−/SNUC, and 1 Ck−Ne−/unclassified. As originally diagnosed, the three tumour types showed similar copy number profiles. However, when regrouped by Ck/Ne immunostaining we found a distinct set of gains and losses; Ck−Ne+/ONB harboured few and predominantly whole chromosomes abnormalities, Ck+Ne+/SNEC carried both gains and losses in high frequency, and Ck+Ne−/SNUC showed mostly gains. In addition, each tumour carried a number of unique chromosomal deletions. Genome-wide copy number profiling supports the value of immunohistochemical CkNe staining of ONB, SNEC and SNUC for tumour classification, which is important for prognosis and therapeutic decision-making.

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“…Documenting mitotic activity is important, because in presence of similar immunoreactivity, SCC-NET is distinguished from moderately differentiated neuroendocrine tumor (atypical carcinoids) based on mitotic count. 9,10 In the study, SCC-NETs were found immune-reactive with pan-cytokeratins and neuroendocrine markers usually CD56. Variable immunoreactivity was seen with synaptophysin and chromogranin (Figure 1).…”

Section: Epithelial Srcts Of the Sinonasal Area 411 Sinonasal Undiffe...mentioning

confidence: 86%

Small round cell tumours of the sinonasal tract: Five years experience at a tertiary cancer institute in India

Pathak¹,

Sarma

Das³

et al. 2022

JDPO

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Sinonasal malignancies (SNM) constitute nearly 3% of Head & Neck cancers. Though rare, they still are one of the most challenging conditions to manage. Immunohistochemical (IHC) evaluation using relevant antibodies has become an indispensable ancillary technique for differentiating these tumours. An early and definitive diagnosis is important for optimally managing these aggressive tumours.This study was done in the department of Head & Neck Surgery in association with department of Oncopathology of a tertiary Cancer Hospital in Northeast-India. Hospital records of all patients who received treatment for a sinonasal malignancy between the years 2013 to 2017 were retrospectively reviewed. Patients reported having a ‘Small round cell tumour’ in their initial histopathological examination (HPE) of biopsied tissue were included in the study. The study included 31 patients of Sinonasal SRCT, nearly 38% of the total 81 patients diagnosed with a sinonasal malignancy during the study period of 5 years. The median age of these patients was 43 +/- 8 years (range 8-82 years). With a gender ratio of 1.6: 1 (M: F), SRCTs was found slightly commoner in males. Epistaxis and nose block (unilateral or bilateral) were the commonest symptoms. Mean symptom duration was approximately 3 months. Establishing a precise diagnosis of Sinonasal SRCT is important not only in determining how aggressive the tumor might be, but is especially critical in deciding treatment modalities and their sequences. Immunohistochemistry plays an important role in proper histopathological diagnosis and further treatment planning.

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An Update on Sinonasal Round Cell Undifferentiated Tumors

Cited by 14 publications

References 56 publications

Undifferentiated sinonasal malignant melanoma: A case report

Undifferentiated sinonasal malignant melanoma: A case report

Genetic profiling of poorly differentiated sinonasal tumours

Small round cell tumours of the sinonasal tract: Five years experience at a tertiary cancer institute in India

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