An update on the health benefits promoted by edible flowers and involved mechanisms

Zheng, Jingyun; Lu, Baiyi; Xu, Baojun

doi:10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.127940

Cited by 61 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 90 publications

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“…The known phytochemicals with lipid-lowering effects mainly include phytosterols, phenols, saponins, alkaloids, organic sulfides, and lectins [ 25 ]. Chrysanthemum is a common edible herb in China and has been reported to contain antibacterial, antiviral, anti-oxidant, and immunomodulatory effects [ 26 ]. Some studies have shown that the ethyl acetate fraction of chrysanthemum indicum (CIEA) might be beneficial for preventing obesity [ 27 , 28 , 29 ], and in vitro chrysanthemum morifolium flower extract inhibits adipogenesis of 3T3-L1 cells via AMPK/SIRT1 pathway activation [ 30 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hypolipidemic Effects and Preliminary Mechanism of Chrysanthemum Flavonoids, Its Main Components Luteolin and Luteoloside in Hyperlipidemia Rats

et al. 2021

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This study aimed to investigate the key constituents and preliminary mechanism for the hypolipidemic activity of chrysanthemum flavonoids. Hyperlipidemia (HPL) rats were divided into five groups: the model control group (MC); Chrysanthemum flavone intervention group (CF); luteolin intervention group; luteoloside intervention group and simvastatin intervention group. The body weight, organ coefficient, serum lipids, antioxidant activity, and lipid metabolism enzymes were detected. Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining was used to observe the liver and adipose tissue. Chrysanthemum flavonoids, luteolin, and luteoloside can reduce the weight and levels of total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), and LDL-C, and increase the level of HDL-C in the blood and reduce liver steatosis. Indicators of liver function (AST, ALT, and ALP) improved. The antioxidant activity (GSH-Px, CAT, SOD) and enzymes associated with lipid catabolism (FAβO, CYP7A1, and HL) increased, while lipid peroxidation products (MDA) and enzymes associated with lipid synthesis (FAS, HMG-CoA, and DGAT) decreased. Chrysanthemum flavonoids had a better effect on the antioxidant level and lipid metabolism-related enzyme activity. There was no significant difference in the effects of the chrysanthemum flavonoids, luteolin, and Luteoloside on improving blood lipids and hepatic steatosis—mechanisms that may be related to antioxidant levels and regulating enzymes involved in the metabolism of fatty acids, cholesterol, and triglycerides in the liver. However, chrysanthemum flavonoids had a stronger antioxidant and lipid metabolism regulation ability, and the long-term effects may be better.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hypolipidemic Effects and Preliminary Mechanism of Chrysanthemum Flavonoids, Its Main Components Luteolin and Luteoloside in Hyperlipidemia Rats

et al. 2021

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“…The positive health effects of edible flowers are ascribed to their chemical composition, which are rich in phytochemicals with bioactive properties, such as vitamins (Fernandes et al, 2017;Scariot et al, 2018;Pires et al, 2019;Zhao et al, 2019;Mulík and Ozuna, 2020;Takahashi et al, 2020;Zheng et al, 2021). Vitamin C is a strong antioxidant that scavenges radicals, thus neutralizing oxidative stress and plays an important role in human metabolism, representing a fundamental supplement in the diet (Fascella et al, 2019;Caritá et al, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring wild edible flowers as a source of bioactive compounds: New perspectives in horticulture

Demasi

Caser

Donno

et al. 2021

Folia Horticulturae

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The increasing interest in healthy and natural foods has raised the attention towards uncommon or unexplored ingredients, such as edible flowers. These products are proven to be a rich source of bioactive compounds, for example, vitamins or polyphenols that play an important role in health promotion and disease prevention. However, plant species with edible flowers are numerous and most of them still need to be studied with this aim. The high species richness of North-Western Italy provides interesting perspectives in the use of wild edible flowers, which are currently underutilized, but can be a valuable food source or food supplement for healthy diets. In this framework, the phytochemical composition of 22 wild edible flowers was analysed and compared with that of four cultivated species (Borago officinalis L., Calendula officinalis L., Tagetes patula L. and Tropaeolum majus L.) to evaluate their potentiality as sources of bioactive compounds. The total polyphenol content (TPC) and antioxidant activity of the fresh flowers were assessed, together with their phenolic profiles and vitamin C content, through spectrophotometric and chromatographic analyses. The evaluated parameters varied widely among species, with Paeonia officinalis L. and Rosa pendulina L. showing the highest values of polyphenols (1,930 mg gallic acid equivalents (GAE) · 100 g−1 and 1,774 mg GAE · 100 g−1, respectively), followed by Rosa canina L. (1,397 mg GAE · 100 g−1) and Geranium sylvaticum L. (1,268 mg GAE · 100 g−1). The same species also showed the highest antioxidant activity, measured with three different assays [ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2′-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS)]. The phenolic profile differed among the studied species, with Dianthus pavonius Tausch and R. pendulina having the highest sum of detected polyphenols (2,522 mg · 100 g−1 and 2,366 mg · 100 g−1, respectively). Vitamin C was identified in all but two flowers (Allium ursinum L. and B. officinalis) and Primula veris L. had the highest amount (45 mg · 100 g−1). The study showed that wild edible flowers outperformed the cultivated species, except for T. majus, providing new insights for the use of wild edible flowers as sources of bioactive compounds.

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“…In recent years, the potential of the use of small natural molecules to prevent and remediate negative effects of both pathological conditions and cancers was deeply studied [21,22]. Of note, flavonoids or non-flavonoids polyphenols have been demonstrated to display health benefits in terms of anti-oxidant, -inflammatory, -cancer, -diabetic,osteoporosis, -obesity, and -hypertensive activities, as well as being hepato-and neuroprotective, [23] and even as specific inhibitors (i.e., quercetin) of SARS-CoV2, the virus responsible for COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019) [24]. In particular, the hypothesized beneficial properties of resveratrol have led to an increase in its consumption in food supplements; moreover, over the past 20 years, resveratrol has been the most studied polyphenol with anti-leukemia activity [25].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Targeting of HSP70/HSF1 Axis Abrogates In Vitro Ibrutinib-Resistance in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia

Frezzato

Visentin

Severin

et al. 2021

Cancers

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The Btk inhibitor ibrutinib has significantly changed the management of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) patients. Despite its clinical efficacy, relapses occur, and outcomes after ibrutinib failure are poor. Although BTK and PLCγ2 mutations have been found to be associated with ibrutinib resistance in a fair percentage of CLL patients, no information on resistance mechanisms is available in patients lacking these mutations. The heat shock protein of 70 kDa (HSP70) and its transcription factor heat shock factor 1 (HSF1) play a role in mediating the survival and progression of CLL, as well as taking part in drug resistance in various cancers. We demonstrated that resveratrol and related phenols were able to induce apoptosis in vitro in leukemic cells from CLL untreated patients by acting on the HSP70/HSF1 axis. The same was achieved in cells recovered from 13 CLL patients failing in vivo ibrutinib treatment. HSP70 and HSF1 levels decreased following in vitro treatment, correlating to apoptosis induction. We suggest an involvement of HSP70/HSF1 axis in controlling resistance to ibrutinib in CLL cells, since their inhibition is effective in inducing in vitro apoptosis in cells from ibrutinib refractory patients. The targeting of HSP70/HSF1 axis could represent a novel rational therapeutic strategy for CLL, also for relapsing patients.

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An update on the health benefits promoted by edible flowers and involved mechanisms

Cited by 61 publications

References 90 publications

Hypolipidemic Effects and Preliminary Mechanism of Chrysanthemum Flavonoids, Its Main Components Luteolin and Luteoloside in Hyperlipidemia Rats

Hypolipidemic Effects and Preliminary Mechanism of Chrysanthemum Flavonoids, Its Main Components Luteolin and Luteoloside in Hyperlipidemia Rats

Exploring wild edible flowers as a source of bioactive compounds: New perspectives in horticulture

Targeting of HSP70/HSF1 Axis Abrogates In Vitro Ibrutinib-Resistance in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia

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