1988
DOI: 10.1177/002224378802500207
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An Updated Paradigm for Scale Development Incorporating Unidimensionality and Its Assessment

Abstract: The authors outline an updated paradigm for scale development that incorporates confirmatory factor analysis for the assessment of unidimensionality. Under this paradigm, item-total correlations and exploratory factor analysis are used to provide preliminary scales. The unidimensionality of each scale then is assessed simultaneously with confirmatory factor analysis. After unidimensional measurement has been acceptably achieved, the reliability of each scale is assessed. Additional evidence for construct valid… Show more

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Cited by 3,692 publications
(2,543 citation statements)
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References 23 publications
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“…As recommended by Gerbing and Anderson (1988), a test of the unidimensionality of the measures of the constructs included in the model (shown in Figure 2) was first conducted with the use of confirmatory factor analysis. The test involves comparing the hypothesized factor structure to alternative factor structures, for example, a single factor for all indicators.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…As recommended by Gerbing and Anderson (1988), a test of the unidimensionality of the measures of the constructs included in the model (shown in Figure 2) was first conducted with the use of confirmatory factor analysis. The test involves comparing the hypothesized factor structure to alternative factor structures, for example, a single factor for all indicators.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Compared with the maximum likelihood ratio (ML) and the generalized least square (GLS), this estimation method has been proven viable with data that violated the rule of normality (Muthen, 2002). Following the iterative process recommended by Gerbing and Anderson (1988), we estimated a measurement model on the basis of both content and statistical considerations. The WLS estimation was used and a satisfactory fit was achieved (v 2 = 276.23, df = 197, p < 0.001, RMSEA = 0.05, CFI = 0.96).…”
Section: Model Specificationmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Standard psychometric scale development procedures were followed (Gerbing and Anderson, 1988). Most multi-item scales were adopted from previous research.…”
Section: Questionnaire Development and Pre-testmentioning
confidence: 99%