An updated review of getters and gettering

Abstract

A brief review of present day getter materials is made with reference to the two principal families, i.e., evaporable and nonevaporable getters. The main physicochemical processes involved in the gettering process are reviewed in order to establish the concept of gettering-selective chemical pumping. Examples of practical getter devices are described in connection with a brief overview of some of the most common applications. However, most emphasis will be placed in describing some of the most advanced and more unusual applications of getters which may not always be in widespread use but which indicate the versatility of gettering in widely differing fields.

Outgassing characterization of MEMS thin film packaging materials

“…Compared to oxides samples without any getter, carbon dioxide has totally disappeared and the partial pressure of hydrogen has been drastically reduced due to the presence of the getter. This result is in agreement with the studies of Giorgi [14] and Chidambaram [15] where the reactivity between some gaseous species such as hydrogen or carbon dioxide and the getter material is demonstrated while hydrocarbons are inactive.…”

In situ transmission Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy investigations of the surface chemistry of gettering common gases in vacuum systems with a common commercial flashed getter alloy as a function of temperature

“…Once the alloy reaches 800 8C during heating, there is an exothermic reaction between the nickel and aluminum to form a nickel aluminum alloy and the temperature rises quickly to 1250 8C easily evaporating the barium/strontium [13]. According the literature [1,2] these resulting film are primarily composed of Ba which is consistent with the XPS data. However, pervious studies that have focused solely on barium as the reactive metal in vacuum electronics have ignored potential contributing reactions or catalytic processes caused by the presence of these other metals.…”

“…Getter materials are important in a wide variety of technology applications including vacuum systems, image display devices, and MEMS devices [1,2]. Getter materials scavenge potentially harmful gases out of the operating environment of these devices to ensure proper device operation.…”

Control Materials of Hydrogen Concentration in Micro Environment and Their Summary of Application

“…The hydrogen storage capacity of Mg-30%LaNi2.28 complex is 5.4% at 553K and 3MPa, which is made by Rodrigo [15] et al through mechanical alloyin. The hydrogen storage capacity of La1.5Ni0.5Mg17 can be up to 7.01% at 573K, which is made by Giorgi [16] et al using the same method. Even at 373K its hydrogen storage capacity can be up to 4.03% and the speed of hydrogen absorption and desorption is fast.…”