An Updated Review on the Mechanisms, Pre‐Clinical and Clinical Comparisons of Nicotinamide Mononucleotide (NMN) and Nicotinamide Riboside (NR)

Abstract

The study of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) biology has gained popularity recently. Research discovered that two NAD+ biosynthesis intermediates, nicotinamide riboside (NR) and nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN), are biosynthetic precursors of NAD+, an essential chemical for metabolism. Many studies show that NAD+ levels fall considerably with aging, with NAD+ regeneration in aging animals increasing longevity and enhancing health. According to research on the two molecules, NMN and NR, supplementation with either raises NAD+ levels during aging. The objective of this review is to highlight current developments in the biology of NAD+ in relation to NR or NMN supplement. This review highlightings significant discoveries about NR and NMN supplementation in relation to NAD+ biological activities and health benefits.