An urgent need to reassess the safe levels of copper in the drinking water: Lessons from studies on healthy animals harboring no genetic deficits

Pal, Amit; Jayamani, Jayagandan; Prasad, Rajendra

doi:10.1016/j.neuro.2014.05.005

Cited by 29 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Copper is the third‐most abundant transition metal in the human body (Pal et al , ) with ≈80–100 mg storage (Hordyjewska et al , ). Perturbation of the copper balance as a result of diet or disease status has been linked to various disorders (Hernández and Allende, ) such as genetically inherited Menkes' and Wilson's diseases; atherosclerosis; diabetes; prion (CreutzfeldtJakob) disease; in addition to Parkinson's; Huntington's and especially Alzheimer's diseases (Mocchegiani et al , ; Scheiber et al , ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The inorganic copper is handled differently by the body than organic copper, which is available in food, bounded to proteins. The former apparently bypasses metabolism regulation and almost immediately contributes to a free copper pool, becoming particularly harmful for promoting excessive oxidative stress responses (Brewer, ; Pal et al , ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Copper toxicology, oxidative stress and inflammation using zebrafish as experimental model

Pereira

Campos

Bogo

2016

J of Applied Toxicology

180

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Copper is an essential micronutrient and a key catalytic cofactor in a wide range of enzymes. As a trace element, copper levels are tightly regulated and both its deficit and excess are deleterious to the organism. Under inflammatory conditions, serum copper levels are increased and trigger oxidative stress responses that activate inflammatory responses. Interestingly, copper dyshomeostasis, oxidative stress and inflammation are commonly present in several chronic diseases. Copper exposure can be easily modeled in zebrafish; a consolidated model in toxicology with increasing interest in immunity-related research. As a result of developmental, economical and genetic advantages, this freshwater teleost is uniquely suitable for chemical and genetic large-scale screenings, representing a powerful experimental tool for a whole-organism approach, mechanistic studies, disease modeling and beyond. Copper toxicological and more recently pro-inflammatory effects have been investigated in both larval and adult zebrafish with breakthrough findings. Here, we provide an overview of copper metabolism in health and disease and its effects on oxidative stress and inflammation responses in zebrafish models. Copper-induced inflammation is highlighted owing to its potential to easily mimic pro-oxidative and pro-inflammatory features that combined with zebrafish genetic tractability could help further in the understanding of copper metabolism, inflammatory responses and related diseases. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Copper toxicology, oxidative stress and inflammation using zebrafish as experimental model

Pereira

Campos

Bogo

2016

J of Applied Toxicology

180

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…However, differences in human Cu ingestion allowances exist. In this regard, Pal et al have recently reviewed the range of safety for human Cu ingestion and it fluctuates from few μg/L to 10 mg/L [49]. Although the plain numbers comparisons (2 mg/L, for humans vs. 90 mg/L, for rats) seems quite different, there are considerations to be made.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sub-Chronic Copper Pretreatment Reduces Oxidative Damage in an Experimental Huntington’s Disease Model

Martínez-Lazcano

Montes

Sánchez-Mendoza

et al. 2014

Biol Trace Elem Res

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Quinolinic acid (QUIN) striatal injection in rat reproduces the main neurochemical features of Huntington's disease (HD), including oxidative damage. In this study, we evaluated the effect of a copper (Cu) supplement in drinking water (90 ppm Cu, 28 days) on the QUIN-induced HD model in the rat. Copper exposure caused no signs of liver toxicity; however, it produced significant Cu accumulation in striatum. It is noteworthy that QUIN also caused increased striatal Cu content; when the supplement was administered to animals with QUIN-injury, an even higher metal striatal accumulation was observed. Cu pre-treatment preserved striatal gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) content, which was reduced by QUIN intrastriatal injection. Similarly, apomorphine-induced circling behavior was reduced in Cu-pretreated QUIN-damaged rats. Metal supplement in drinking water prevented both lipid peroxidation and reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation caused by QUIN in striatum. In Cu-treated groups, superoxide dismutase-1 (SOD1) activity showed a significant increase, while SOD2 activity was slightly enhanced. Although the pathophysiological role for higher Cu levels in patients with HD and in experimental models of the disease is not fully understood, results in the present study suggest that Cu oral intake stimulates anti-oxidant defenses, an effect that may be a potential factor for reducing the progression of HD.

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“…Also, drinking water pipes are often made of Cu, hence wastewater and CSOs are important Cu sources (Sörme and Lagerkvist 2002). Both Cu and BaP exert negative effects on human and animal health, including neurotoxicity (Cu) and carcinogenicity (BaP) (International Agency for Research on Cancer 2012, Pal et al 2014).…”

Section: Pollutantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrodynamic modelling of the influence of stormwater and combined sewer overflows on receiving water quality: Benzo(a)pyrene and copper risks to recreational water

Björklund

Bondelind

Karlsson

et al. 2018

Journal of Environmental Management

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The risk from chemical substances in surface waters is often increased during wet weather, due to surface runoff, combined sewer overflows (CSOs) and erosion of contaminated land. There are strong incentives to improve the quality of surface waters affected by human activities, not only from ecotoxicity and ecosystem health perspectives, but also for drinking water and recreational purposes. The aim of this study is to investigate the influence of urban stormwater discharges and CSOs on receiving water in the context of chemical health risks and recreational water quality. Transport of copper (Cu) and benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) in the Göta River (Sweden) was simulated using a hydrodynamic model. Within the 16 km modelled section, 35 CSO and 16 urban stormwater point discharges, as well as the effluent from a major wastewater treatment plant, were included. Pollutant concentrations in the river were simulated for two rain events and investigated at 13 suggested bathing sites. The simulations indicate that water quality guideline values for Cu are exceeded at several sites, and that stormwater discharges generally give rise to higher Cu and BaP concentrations than CSOs. Due to the location of point discharges and the river current inhibiting lateral mixing, the north shore of the river is better suited for bathing. Peak concentrations have a short duration; increased concentrations of the pollutants may however be present for several days after a rain event. Monitoring of river water quality indicates that simulated Cu and BaP concentrations are in the same order of magnitude as measured concentrations. It is concluded that hydrodynamic modelling is a useful tool for identifying suitable bathing sites in urban surface waters and areas of concern where mitigation measures should be implemented to improve water quality.

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An urgent need to reassess the safe levels of copper in the drinking water: Lessons from studies on healthy animals harboring no genetic deficits

Cited by 29 publications

References 24 publications

Copper toxicology, oxidative stress and inflammation using zebrafish as experimental model

Copper toxicology, oxidative stress and inflammation using zebrafish as experimental model

Sub-Chronic Copper Pretreatment Reduces Oxidative Damage in an Experimental Huntington’s Disease Model

Hydrodynamic modelling of the influence of stormwater and combined sewer overflows on receiving water quality: Benzo(a)pyrene and copper risks to recreational water

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