An x-ray regenerative amplifier free-electron laser using diamond pinhole mirrors

Freund, H.P.; Slot, Petrus J.M. van der; Shvyd’ko, Yu. V.

doi:10.1088/1367-2630/ab3f72

Cited by 29 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…In this section, we discuss simulations of an infrared RAFEL with the intention of illustrating many of the general properties of a RAFEL and how it compares both to lowgain/high-Q oscillators and SASE FELs [212] and simulations of an X-ray RAFEL concept, making use of hole out-coupling [213]. We note that the infrared RAFEL simulations were performed with MEDUSA/OPC, while the X-ray RAFEL simulations were performed with MINERVA/OPC.…”

Section: High-gain/low-q Oscillatorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While experiments show that diamond crystals can sustain relatively high thermal and radiation loads [238], transmissive out-coupling cannot be easily achieved at the photon energies of interest here. Because of this, X-ray RAFELs [213,240,241] using a variety of out-coupling schemes are receiving a great deal of attention, and we consider a RAFEL design using a pinhole in one of the mirrors [210,213,240] here.…”

Section: An X-ray Rafelmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Three-Dimensional, Time-Dependent Analysis of High- and Low-Q Free-Electron Laser Oscillators

Slot

Freund

2021

Applied Sciences

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Free-electron lasers (FELs) have been designed to operate over virtually the entire electromagnetic spectrum, from microwaves through to X-rays, and in a variety of configurations, including amplifiers and oscillators. Oscillators can operate in both the low and high gain regime and are typically used to improve the spatial and temporal coherence of the light generated. We will discuss various FEL oscillators, ranging from systems with high-quality resonators combined with low-gain undulators, to systems with a low-quality resonator combined with a high-gain undulator line. The FEL gain code MINERVA and wavefront propagation code OPC are used to model the FEL interaction within the undulator and the propagation in the remainder of the oscillator, respectively. We will not only include experimental data for the various systems for comparison when available, but also present, for selected cases, how the two codes can be used to study the effect of mirror aberrations and thermal mirror deformation on FEL performance.

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Section: High-gain/low-q Oscillatorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: An X-ray Rafelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Three-Dimensional, Time-Dependent Analysis of High- and Low-Q Free-Electron Laser Oscillators

Slot

Freund

2021

Applied Sciences

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“…Outcoupling was done by switching to a status with large transmission and near-zero reflection. Several techniques for radiation outcoupling, including a small fast rotation or heating with a laser pulse, can be employed and are currently being studied (57)(58)(59). We chose the backscattering Bragg geometry, as it provides a large angular acceptance while reducing the bandwidth (Table 1 and Fig.…”

Section: X-ray Laser Oscillatormentioning

confidence: 99%

Population inversion X-ray laser oscillator

Halavanau

Benediktovitch

Lutman

et al. 2020

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Oscillators are at the heart of optical lasers, providing stable, transform-limited pulses. Until now, laser oscillators have been available only in the infrared to visible and near-ultraviolet (UV) spectral region. In this paper, we present a study of an oscillator operating in the 5- to 12-keV photon-energy range. We show that, using theKα1line of transition metal compounds as the gain medium, an X-ray free-electron laser as a periodic pump, and a Bragg crystal optical cavity, it is possible to build X-ray oscillators producing intense, fully coherent, transform-limited pulses. As an example, we consider the case of a copper nitrate gain medium generating ∼ 5 ×1010photons per pulse with 37-fs pulse length and 48-meV spectral resolution at 8-keV photon energy. Our theoretical study and simulation of this system show that, because of the very large gain per pass, the oscillator saturates and reaches full coherence in four to six optical-cavity transits. We discuss the feasibility and design of the X-ray optical cavity and other parts of the oscillator needed for its realization, opening the way to extend X-ray–based research beyond current capabilities.

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“…Another possible realization of the CBXFEL is a high-gain regenerative amplifier free-electron laser (XRAFEL) [7,[13][14][15], which can reach saturation after a few round-trip passes. It can therefore allow for a high (close to 100%) extraction efficiency.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Signatures of misalignment in x-ray cavities of cavity-based x-ray free-electron lasers

Qi,

Shvyd'ko

2022

Preprint

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Cavity-based x-ray free-electron lasers (CBXFEL) will allow use of optical cavity feedback to support generation of fully coherent x-rays of high brilliance and stability by electrons in undulators. CBXFEL optical cavities comprise Bragg-reflecting flat crystal mirrors, which ensure x-rays circulation on a closed orbit, and x-ray refractive lenses, which stabilize the orbit and refocus the x-rays back on the electrons in the undulator. Depending on the cavity design, there are tens of degrees of freedom of the optical elements, which can never be perfectly aligned. Here, we study signatures of misalignment of the optical components and of the undulator source with the purposes of understanding the effects of misalignment on x-ray beam dynamics, understanding misalignment tolerances, and developing cavity alignment procedures. Betatron oscillations of the x-ray beam trajectory (both symmetric and asymmetric) are one of the characteristic signatures of cavity misalignment. The oscillation period is in the general case a non-integer number of round-trip passes of x-rays in the cavity. This period (unlike the amplitude and offset of the oscillations) is independent of the type of misalignment and is defined by cavity parameters. The studies are performed on an example of a four-crystal rectangular cavity using analytical and numerical wave optics as well as ray-tracing techniques. Both confocal and generic stable cavity types are studied.

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An x-ray regenerative amplifier free-electron laser using diamond pinhole mirrors

Cited by 29 publications

References 46 publications

Three-Dimensional, Time-Dependent Analysis of High- and Low-Q Free-Electron Laser Oscillators

Three-Dimensional, Time-Dependent Analysis of High- and Low-Q Free-Electron Laser Oscillators

Population inversion X-ray laser oscillator

Signatures of misalignment in x-ray cavities of cavity-based x-ray free-electron lasers

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