ANABOLIC ACTION OF GROWTH HORMONE<sup>*</sup>

Körner, A.

doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.1968.tb20366.x

Cited by 55 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Growth rate, as reflected in body size in mammals, is thought to be controlled by several, perhaps many, different genes (Falconer, 1960, Roberts, 1966, and where changes in organ growth-rate can be explained in intracellular terms several factors seem to work together. The anabolic action of growth hormone appears to involve a very rapid increase in both amino acid transport and in the rate at which ribosomes assemble amino acids into polypeptide, with a later increase in RNA synthesis (Korner, 1968). The anabolic action of growth hormone appears to involve a very rapid increase in both amino acid transport and in the rate at which ribosomes assemble amino acids into polypeptide, with a later increase in RNA synthesis (Korner, 1968).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protein and nucleic acid metabolism in organs from mice selected for larger and smaller body size

Priestley

Robertson

1973

Genet. Res.

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Studies of the growth and composition of Q-strain mice selected over 20 generations for high and low body weight at 6 weeks of age, and their unselected controls, were made on livers and kidneys of males from the five selection replicates A, B, C, D and F. Differences in growth rate between Large and Small QD mice were confirmed from 2 to 9 weeks of age, but were greatest in the third, fourth, sixth and seventh weeks. Total amounts of dry matter, protein, free amino acids, bulk RNA and ribosomes were increased or decreased from control values in proportion to organ weight. A less-perfect relationship between DNA content and organ weight suggested that some small changes in average cell mass had accompanied the main change in cell number in organs from the selected lines. Absorbance profiles of polyribosomes from both organs were identical in selected and control mice: selection had not operated on the proportion of single (currently inactive) ribosomes. Attempts to relate the observed differences in growth rate in QD mice to differences in the rate of protein synthesis produced an unexpected result: incorporation of radioactively labelled amino acids was consistently higher in the organs of the Small mice. Measurements of rates of protein turnover, and calculated rates of protein degradation, suggested that protein might also be degraded more rapidly in the small mice.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protein and nucleic acid metabolism in organs from mice selected for larger and smaller body size

Priestley

Robertson

1973

Genet. Res.

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“…Assuming that cycloheximide does not directly affect RNA polymerisation and that the half-life of the polymerase enzyme is not extremely short, the rapid inhibitory effect of cycloheximide on RNA synthesis a t 6 and 12 hours implies that concurrent protein synthesis is also required for the maintenance of the increased rate of RNA synthesis. This suggestion is supported by the extremely rapid effect of cycloheximide, or puromycin, on RNA polymerase activity and protein synthesis in oestrogen-stimulated uterus [20], regenerating [21] or growth hormone-stimulated [22] liver and in HeLa cells [23].…”

Section: Ehrlich Ascites Tumour Cells [La] and L Cells [15] The Effementioning

confidence: 99%

Modification of Folic Acid‐Induced Changes in Renal Nucleic Acid and Protein Synthesis by Actinomycin D and Cycloheximide

Threlfall

Taylor²

1969

European Journal of Biochemistry

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Parenteral administration of folic acid to rats produces marked increases in the rates of synthesis of protein, RNA and DNA in the kidney. Basic nuclear protein synthesis is increased within 1 hour of folate administration with a sharper increase appearing about 18 hours and reaching a maximum about 26 hours. RNA synthesis increases to reach a maximum a t 12 hours after folate before declining to normal levels a t 24 hours. The increase in the rate of DNA synthesis commences a t about 18 hours and reaches a maximum, about 20 times above control levels, about 32 hours after folate.Using the increased rate of DNA synthesis normally seen 26 hours after folate as a reference point, actinomycin D was found to produce a very marked depression of .DNA synthesis when administered between 0 and 4 hours after folate ; a t longer time intervals this depression became less marked and when actinomycinD was given a t 20 hours no effect was observed. ActinomycinD, given a t the same time as folic acid, also abolished the increase in the rate of RNA synthesis normally seen 12 hours after folate.In contrast to the time dependent effect of actinomycin D, cycloheximide produced a similarly profound decrease in the rate of DNA synthesis, measured 26 hours after folate, when the drug was given at any time between 0 and 25 hours after folate.These results suggest that the complete requirement for increased RNA synthesis has been met by the time that increased DNA synthesis begins a t 18 hours after folate administration, but that there is continuous need for newly synthesised protein both before and during the period of increased DNA synthesis.Increases in RNA and DNA Synthesis can be induced in the rat kidney by a single intravenous injection of folic acid (250 pg/g body weight) [l]. This effect is characterized by a rapid increase in the rate of incorporation of [3H]thymidine into rat kidney DNA beginning a t about 18 hours, reaching a maximum at 32 hours and returning to normal within 6 days [2]. Autoradiographic studies show a large increase in the number of [3H]thymidine labelled cells in the renal tubules, also commencing a t about 18 hours, which is followed several hours later by a wave of mitotic activity [2]. A similar pattern of response has been obtained in mice [3]. The sharp peaks in rate of DNA synthesis and in numbers of labelled cells and of mitoses suggest a high degree of synchrony in the proliferative response of the renal t.ubular cells to folic acid. Thus the folate-stimulated kidney represents a potentially valuable system for the study of some of the factors involved in the induction of DNA Synthesis and mitotic activity. I n this paper some of the biochemical changes which occur in the folate-stimulated kidney, both before and during the period of increased DNA synthesis, are described. I n an attempt to examine the possible inter-relationships between changes in the rates of RNA and protein synthesis and the rise in DNA synthesis the effects of two antibiotics, actinomycin D and cycloheximide, which inhibit ...

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“…Thus, the results of this study may be explained by a direct effect of GH itself on the lung. In vitro and in vivo studies (20)(21)(22)(23)(24) have demonstrated the effect of GH on normal lung growth and the effect of excessive GH on the synthesis of collagen and especially mucopolysaccharides in soft tissues in the myocardium and probably in the lung. It was shown in a recent .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hypoxemia and Pulmonary Function in Acromegaly^1,²

Luboshitzky¹,

Barzilai²

1980

Am Rev Respir Dis

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Pulmonary function was assessed in 11 patients with acromegaly, 8 of whom were previously treated by external pituitary irradiation. None of the patients had any overt respiratory ailment. Ventilatory function tests were normal in all patients and all had normal total lung capacity ranging from 75 to 123% (mean, 98.18 +/- 4.69%). Eight of ten patients (80%) had hypoxemia with a partial pressure of oxygen in arterial blood ranging between 58 and 90 mmHg (mean, 76.0 +/- 4.2). Calculated alveolar-arterial differences for oxygen ranged between 5.25 and 46.0 (mean, 26.0 +/- 4.7). In 4 of 5 patients in whom lung perfusion scans were performed, perfusion defects were found. There was a significant correlations (p < 0.05) between the presence of hypoxemia and the known duration of acromegaly, but not with the present growth hormone levels or previous therapy. The results indicate that pneumomegaly is not common in acromegaly. However, most patients have some degree of hypoxemia present usually as subclinical disease and it is probably due to a ventilation-perfusion derangement, which is probably a direct effect of the prolonged oversecretion of growth hormone.

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ANABOLIC ACTION OF GROWTH HORMONE^*

Cited by 55 publications

References 37 publications

Protein and nucleic acid metabolism in organs from mice selected for larger and smaller body size

Protein and nucleic acid metabolism in organs from mice selected for larger and smaller body size

Modification of Folic Acid‐Induced Changes in Renal Nucleic Acid and Protein Synthesis by Actinomycin D and Cycloheximide

Hypoxemia and Pulmonary Function in Acromegaly^1,²

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ANABOLIC ACTION OF GROWTH HORMONE*

Cited by 55 publications

References 37 publications

Protein and nucleic acid metabolism in organs from mice selected for larger and smaller body size

Protein and nucleic acid metabolism in organs from mice selected for larger and smaller body size

Modification of Folic Acid‐Induced Changes in Renal Nucleic Acid and Protein Synthesis by Actinomycin D and Cycloheximide

Hypoxemia and Pulmonary Function in Acromegaly1,2

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ANABOLIC ACTION OF GROWTH HORMONE^*

Hypoxemia and Pulmonary Function in Acromegaly^1,²