Anacardic Acid from Brazilian Cashew Nut Trees Reduces Dentine Erosion

Abstract

The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of solutions containing saturated anacardic acid (AA) on dentine erosion in vitro. AA was chemically isolated from natural cashew nutshell liquid obtained by continuous extraction in a Soxhlet extractor and was fully saturated by catalytic hydrogenation. Matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP-2) activity, when exposed to buffers containing 100 µmol/l AA, was analyzed using zymography. Bovine root samples were subjected to erosive demineralization (Sprite Zero™, 4 × 90 s/day) and remineralization with artificial saliva between the erosive cycles for 5 days. The samples were treated as follows, after the first and the last acid exposure (1 min; n = 12/group): (1) 100 µmol/l epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) (positive control); (2) 0.05% NaF; (3) 100 µmol/l saturated AA; (4) saturated AA and EGCG; (5) saturated AA, EGCG and NaF; (6) untreated (negative control). Dentine erosion was measured using a contact profilometer. Two dentine samples from each group were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy. Saturated AA reduced the activity of MMP-2. ANOVA and Tukey's test revealed that all treatments significantly reduced dentine loss compared to the negative control (6.03 ± 0.98 µm). Solutions containing saturated AA (1.97 ± 1.02 µm) showed the greatest reduction in dentine erosion compared to the NaF (3.93 ± 1.54 µm) and EGCG (3.79 ± 0.83 µm) solutions. Therefore, it may be concluded that AA significantly reduces dentine erosion in vitro, possibly by acting as an MMP-2 inhibitor.

Effect of green tea as a protective measure against dental erosion in coronary dentine

“…12 To minimize this process, green tea has a significant inhibitory effect on MMPs and dentin demineralization. 15,16,17 The reduced daily exposure to acid may be minimized by the use of metalloproteinase inhibitors, which protect the organic matrix as a barrier to ion diffusion.…”

Dental Erosion: Causes, diagnostics and treatment.

“…It is mainly connected with acidity 6,7 . The impact of this disorder produces not only an alteration in functionality and aesthetics, but also on oral health in general 3,6 .…”

“…The treatment provided will be guided by the principles of minimal invasive treatment [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25] .…”

“…The therapy to choose can vary from direct restorations with resin for localized and small areas, until metal or ceramic inlays, veneers or crowns for more severe cases [6][7][8][9] .…”

Efeito de solução experimental de quitosana com extratos naturais nas propriedades físicas, morfológicas e adesivas da dentina radicular

“…A erosão dental é um processo químico crônico (SILVEIRA et al, 2014) e ocorre devido a perda de substâncias, principalmente minerais, devido à frequente exposição das superfícies dos dentes aos ácidos exógenos ou endógenos, sem o envolvimento bacteriano e com alterações histológicas no tecido duro dental (CHUAJEDONG, 2002;JAEGGI et al, 2006;LUSSI et al, 2006a;HUYSMANS et al, 2011;HANNAS et al, 2016). Os ácidos exógenos incluem os alimentos, as bebidas, os medicamentos e os produtos ácidos presentes no ambiente de trabalho ou atividades esportivas (LUSSI et al, 2004;MAGALHÃES et al, 2009).…”