Anaemia and Erythropoiesis in the Irradiated Rat: an Experimental Study with Particular Reference to Techniques involving Radioactive Iron

Baxter, C. F.; Belcher, Edward; Harriss, E. B.; Lamerton, L. F.

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2141.1955.tb05491.x

Cited by 55 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…This is in contrast to the protection noted by shielding limbs of rats (12). The decrease in hemoglobin concentration and the changes in rate of plasma radioiron disappearance were not associated with bleeding in any of our patients.…”

Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 52%

“…These studies have demonstrated that the half-time (Ti) of plasma radioiron disappearance and the red cell uptake of radioactive iron are valid parameters of bone marrow function. Many investigators have demonstrated dose-dependent changes in these functions following total body irradiation of the rat (9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14). Similar changes have been noted following total body irradiaton of the burro and sheep (15), and monkey (16).…”

mentioning

confidence: 68%

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The Effects of Total Body Irradiation on Some Aspects of Human Iron Metabolism

Levin¹,

Andrews²,

Berlin³

1961

J. Clin. Invest.

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The utilization of radioactive iron to evaluate erythropoietic function in normal and disease states in man is well established (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8). These studies have demonstrated that the half-time (Ti) of plasma radioiron disappearance and the red cell uptake of radioactive iron are valid parameters of bone marrow function. Many investigators have demonstrated dose-dependent changes in these functions following total body irradiation of the rat (9-14). Similar changes have been noted following total body irradiaton of the burro and sheep (15), and monkey (16).Loeffler, Collins and Hyman (17) studied four patients who received from 50 to 150 r and did not note significant changes in the T4 of the plasma radioiron (Fe59) disappearance at 3 hours or 7 days. In three patients receiving from 150 to 200 r, Collins and Loeffler (18) noted an increase in the Tj at varying times after irradiation.In nine patients who had received 200 r to the anterior surface of the body. Loeffler (19) noted an increase in the Tj which was maximal 48 hours following irradiation. Suit, Lajtha, Oliver and Ellis (20) were unable to determine changes in the iron uptake of human bone marrow irradiated in vivo and then studied in a culture medium with Fe59 administered immediately or 24 hours after irradiation. However, they were able to demonstrate an increase in the To and some decrease in the red cell uptake of iron following 100 r total body irradiation, but only when the Fe59 was administered to their patients 48 to 72 hours after irradiation (21). No changes were noted following 25 to 50 r. Sinclair (22) studied 12 patients who received 200 r, and reported a significant increase in the Tj in all and a depression of red cell uptake of iron in two-thirds of these patients. One cannot construct a dose-response curve from these studies because of the variation in technique and in the source of radiation utilized.

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Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 52%

mentioning

confidence: 68%

The Effects of Total Body Irradiation on Some Aspects of Human Iron Metabolism

Levin¹,

Andrews²,

Berlin³

1961

J. Clin. Invest.

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“…Serum iron was also increased in the Rad group, an effect that could be caused by inhibition of erythrocyte formation. It is known that hematopoietic stem cells are radiosensitive and are easily disrupted by radiation exposure (56, 57), and the lower hematocrit levels and decreased erythrocyte GPX in the radiation‐exposed animals provided evidence for this. If radiation prevents new erythrocytes from forming, then the age of circulating erythrocytes will increase, and, as a result, the cellular GPX will decrease, which was observed in this study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increased dietary iron and radiation in rats promote oxidative stress, induce localized and systemic immune system responses, and alter colon mucosal environment

et al. 2013

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Astronauts are exposed to increased body iron stores and radiation, both of which can cause oxidative damage leading to negative health effects. The purpose of this study was to investigate combined effects of high dietary iron (650 mg/kg diet) and radiation exposure (0.375 Gy cesium-137 every other day for 16 d) on markers of oxidative stress, immune system function, and colon mucosal environment in male Sprague-Dawley rats (n=8/group). Control rats consumed adequate iron (45 mg/kg diet) and were not irradiated. Combined treatments increased liver glutathione peroxidase, serum catalase, and colon myeloperoxidase while decreasing total fecal short-chain fatty acid concentrations. The high-iron diet alone increased leukocyte count. Radiation decreased the T-cell CD4:CD8 ratio. Plasma iron was negatively correlated with cytokine production in activated monocytes. Genes involved in colon microbial signaling, immune response, and injury repair were altered by radiation. Genes involved with injury repair and pathogen recognition changed with dietary iron. These data demonstrate that dietary iron and radiation, alone and combined, contribute to oxidative stress that is related to immune system alterations in circulation and the colon. The model presented may help us better understand the changes to these systems that have been identified among astronauts.

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“…)n1I1Tc-S colloid and 5nFe citrate activity was done with a Picker magnascaler instrument. Exposures to ionizing irradiation were done with a 280-kv Picker orthovoltage instrument with filtration 0.25 mm Cu antl 1 A film is offered to indicate the exposed bone marrow segment (Fig. 1).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regeneration of bone marrow in rabbits following local, fractionated irradiation

Rubin

1973

Cancer

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Serial studies have been designed to examine the in‐field regeneration of bone marrow in rabbit limbs treated with various fractionated dose schedules of irradiation. The total dose levels ranged from 2,000‐5,000 rads with doses of 200 rads/day to 1000 rads/week. This schedule was followed to simulate the clinical setting. A double marker of 99mTc‐S colloid and 59Fe was employed to measure the activity in the reticuloendothelium (RE) and erythron compartments. The results of these studies are at variance with the published animal data which utilized single exposures and indicated that suppression of bone marrow is permanant at doses exceeding 2,000 rads. The presented evidence indicates that bone marrow tolerance is greater for fractionated dose irradiation than for single exposures to the same levels.

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Anaemia and Erythropoiesis in the Irradiated Rat: an Experimental Study with Particular Reference to Techniques involving Radioactive Iron

Cited by 55 publications

References 16 publications

The Effects of Total Body Irradiation on Some Aspects of Human Iron Metabolism

The Effects of Total Body Irradiation on Some Aspects of Human Iron Metabolism

Increased dietary iron and radiation in rats promote oxidative stress, induce localized and systemic immune system responses, and alter colon mucosal environment

Regeneration of bone marrow in rabbits following local, fractionated irradiation

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