Anaemia in Developing Countries: Burden and Prospects of Prevention and Control

Osungbade, Kayode O.; Oladunjoye, Adeolu O

doi:10.5772/29148

Cited by 23 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 42 publications

(12 reference statements)

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“…Anemia (low hemoglobin levels) and IDA sometimes serve as indicators of overall poor maternal nutritional status during pregnancy; though anemia could also arise from auxiliary causes like VB 2 , VB 12 , folic acid, abnormal hemoglobin, malaria, HIV, TB and helminths. [127][128][129] During the third trimester, high levels of hemoglobin are associated with a bigger risk of PTD. High hemoglobin levels usually associate clinically with an increased risk of pre-eclampsia and suggest the failure of the plasma volume to expand.…”

Section: Individual Micronutrients Deficiency and Adverse Pregnancy Omentioning

confidence: 99%

“…indicated that on average 56% of pregnant women in developing and 30 to 40% in developed countries, respectively, were anemic. 128 In Ethiopia, a retrospective cohort study in Bahir dar indicated at least 41% overall anemia excluding the anemic HIV seropositive pregnant women. 130 Hemoglobin levels can be helpful to define anemia which depends on age, race, physiological status, smoking and altitude.…”

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confidence: 99%

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<p>Micronutrients Deficiency and Their Associations with Pregnancy Outcomes: A Review</p>

Walle¹,

Adekunle²,

Arowojolu³

et al. 2020

NDS

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Micronutrients are vitamins, minerals and trace elements that are used in minute doses as cofactors, antioxidants and modulators of gene transcription homeostasis. MMNs may have a role in averting or treating adverse pregnancy outcomes and maternal complications. In 2016, WHO suggested the use of iron-folic acid (IFA) rather than multiple micronutrients (MMNs) during pregnancy owing to some feared adverse outcomes like perinatal mortalities. However, this effect is debatable as such complications could be also due to genetic or environmental factors. Therefore, this appraisal should provide appropriate information and guidance to health workers, scholars and policymakers. This review includes large sample-sized studies with a special focus on developing countries like Ethiopia. The articles were selected using systematic searching with Boolean operators, advanced search techniques, snowballing and search limits. Mendeley was used as a reference management tool where the source of databases and references were PubMed, AJOL, Google Scholar, IRIS, Summon, DOAJ, Cochrane Library, Oxford Medicine Online, WHO reproductive health libraries majorly from the Hinari program. Articles from BMC, American Society for Nutrition, Lancet, Elsevier, John Wiley and Sons LTD, PLoS One, Springer and Nature Publishing Groups were also used. The results showed that there are no variations in adverse effects between MMNs and IFA. Moreover, MMNs are valuable in anemic pregnant women with lower preconception weight as it increases maternal weight and reduces low birth weight and anemia more than IFA. Therefore, MMNs may have greater health benefits than IFA for the offspring by minimizing fetal complications and the cost of their treatment, resulting from the MMN deficiency state.

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Section: Individual Micronutrients Deficiency and Adverse Pregnancy Omentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

<p>Micronutrients Deficiency and Their Associations with Pregnancy Outcomes: A Review</p>

Walle¹,

Adekunle²,

Arowojolu³

et al. 2020

NDS

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“…Anemia, or low concentration of hemoglobin, constitutes a major public health problem in low-and middle-income countries (LMICs) with significant consequences for human health as well as social and economic development [1]. It affects over 528 million women of reproductive age worldwide; of which 38% occur in Africa.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, it remains a common cause of morbidity and mortality [3]. Anemia in women adversely affects both their productive and reproductive capabilities [1].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between maternal high-risk fertility behavior and anemia among reproductive age women in Ethiopia

Fadl¹,

Haile²,

Ice³

2020

Preprint

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Objectives Anemia constitutes a major public health problem in low- and middle-income countries. The purpose of this study was to examine the individual and combined influence of high-risk fertility behavior on anemia among reproductive age women in Ethiopia.Methods Secondary data analysis was conducted using a nationally representative sample of women aged 15-49 years from the 2016 Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey (n=5799). Anemia status was the outcome of interest. Maternal high-risk fertility behaviors were measured using maternal age at delivery, birth order and birth interval. Descriptive statistics and multivariable regression models were performed.Results Overall, 28.7% of women had anemia and 71.4% experienced at least one high-risk fertility behavior. In the multivariable model, there was a significant interaction between high-risk fertility behavior and place of residence on anemia. Women with any high-risk fertility behavior were more likely to have anemia than women without any high-risk fertility behavior. However, the strength of association differed by place of residence (AOR: 2.68; 95% CI, 1.26-5.67 for urban and AOR: 1.27; 95% CI, 1.01-1.61 for rural residents). Single high-risk fertility behavior was significantly associated with anemia only among urban residents (AOR: 2.65; 95% CI, 1.20-5.83). Multiple high-risk fertility behavior significantly increased the odds of anemia, with stronger association among urban residents (AOR: 2.82; 95% CI, 1.14-6.95) than rural residents (AOR: 1.56; 95% CI, 1.11-2.19).Conclusions Place of residence moderated the relationship between high-risk fertility behaviors and anemia. Our findings suggest the need for context-specific strategies and interventions to prevent anemia.

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“…The consequences of anemia vary according to the type and severity of anemia among both pregnant & non-pregnant women of reproductive age (Kalaivani, 2009;Kozuki, Lee & Katz, 2011). Anemia can lead to multiple adverse consequences among WRA by adversely affecting their quality of life as well as their reproductive capacity, resulting in serious maternal and perinatal outcomes (Ndegwa, 2019;Osungbade & Oladunjoye, 2012). Several studies have shown that anemia among pregnant women can result in poor maternal and fetal outcomes such as intrauterine growth retardation, stillbirths, low-birth-weight, prematurity, intrauterine fetal death, abortion, perinatal mortality, post-partum hemorrhage, and puerperal pyrexia (Beckert, Baer, Anderson, Jelliffe-Pawlowski, & Rogers, 2019;Hare, Freedman, & Mazer, 2013;Kassa, Muche, Berhe, & Fekadu, 2017;Kavle et al, 2008;Tunkyi & Moodley, 2018).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and determinants of anemia among women of reproductive age in developing countries of Asia and Africa: A systematic review protocol

Savera

Ali

2020

Preprint

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Background The burden of anemia among women of reproductive age (WRA) is significantly higher in developing countries. Studies have been conducted to estimate the prevalence and magnitude of anemia among women of reproductive age and its associated factors mainly in African and Asian countries. However, findings from the existing literature are not synthesized in a systematic way to make evidence-based decisions. Given the high burden of anemia in Asian and African countries and an enormous amount of literature on the prevalence and determinants of anemia, there is a need to undertake a systematic review on prevalence and determinants of anemia among WRA in developing countries of Asia and Africa. Hence, the objective of this study is to conduct a systematic review on the prevalence and determinants of anemia among WRA in developing countries of Asia and Africa. This synthesis of literature will help to understand the determinants of anemia to design targeted and context-based interventions primarily for WRA. In addition, this systematic review will also assist policymakers, stakeholders and managers to make informed and evidence-based decisions mainly in developing countries of Asia and Africa.Methods The review will focus on assessing the burden of anemia and its determinants in the developing countries of Asia and Africa. PubMed, CINAHL Plus, Science Direct, Medline and Cochrane will be explored using a detailed search strategy. A study will be considered eligible, if it will be a primary epidemiological research conducted through quantitative observational study designs (cross-sectional, case-control or cohort studies) on prevalence and determinants or only determinants of anemia among WRA (15-49 years) in the developing country of Africa or Asia and published in the English language in a peer-reviewed local or international journal from 2000 to 2020.Discussion This systematic review will provide an opportunity to critically appraise and synthesize the findings from individual studies on the prevalence and determinants of anemia to finally generate a summary. These aggregated findings, in turn, can guide practice and inform policymakers to make evidence-based decisions to address the problem of anemia among women of reproductive age. The results of the review will be disseminated through presentations and peer-reviewed publications.

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Anaemia in Developing Countries: Burden and Prospects of Prevention and Control

Cited by 23 publications

References 42 publications

<p>Micronutrients Deficiency and Their Associations with Pregnancy Outcomes: A Review</p>

<p>Micronutrients Deficiency and Their Associations with Pregnancy Outcomes: A Review</p>

Association between maternal high-risk fertility behavior and anemia among reproductive age women in Ethiopia

Prevalence and determinants of anemia among women of reproductive age in developing countries of Asia and Africa: A systematic review protocol

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