Anaemia in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus attending regular Diabetic Outpatient Clinic in Maiduguri, Nigeria

Kagu, Modu B.; Mshelia, DS

doi:10.4314/njhbs.v4i1.11527

Cited by 3 publications

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“…The sample size was estimated assuming a prevalence of anemia of 40 % based on a previous study in people with diabetes in Nigeria [ 19 ], a precision of 5 % and a z value of 1.96. Based on these assumptions a minimum of 370 participants was required.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anemia in type 2 diabetic patients and correlation with kidney function in a tertiary care sub-Saharan African hospital: a cross-sectional study

et al. 2016

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BackgroundAnemia is common in diabetic patients and increases morbidity and mortality, but its burden has been less well characterized in sub-Saharan Africans. We determined the prevalence of anemia and investigated the related factors, with a particular focus on the role of declining renal function, in type 2 diabetic patients attending a tertiary health care institution in Cameroon.MethodsHemoglobin (Hb) levels were measured in a consecutive sample of patients with type 2 diabetes, who reported for annual review at the outpatient section of the Douala General Hospital in 2013. Patients were classified as anemic according to the World Health Organisation criteria (Hb < 12 g/dl for females and Hb < 13 g/dl for males). Estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was calculated using the abbreviated Modification of Diet in Renal Disease Study Group formula. Determinants of Hb concentration and anemia were investigated using multivariable logistic regressions.ResultsA total of 636 patients were examined including 263 (prevalence rate 41.4 %) who had anemia. The prevalence of anemia increased significantly with deteriorating kidney function, although up to 31.9 % of patients with normal kidney function had anemia. Compared with their non-anemic counterparts, anemic diabetic patients were older, had longer duration of diabetes, lower eGFR, higher prevalence of proteinuria and diabetic retinopathy (all p < 0.05). In multivariable logistic regressions, eGFR (p = 0.001) and presence of retinopathy (p = 0.023) were the independent determinants of prevalent anemia.ConclusionsThe prevalence of anemia is high in type 2 diabetic patients attending referral institutions in Cameroon, including among those without chronic kidney disease. Routine screening for anemia in all diabetic patients may aid early identification and correction as appropriate.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anemia in type 2 diabetic patients and correlation with kidney function in a tertiary care sub-Saharan African hospital: a cross-sectional study

et al. 2016

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Anemia in hospitalized diabetics: experience of the Libreville Chu

Essono,

Essone,

Nsame

et al. 2022

JDMDC

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Background: Anemia is the most common hematological abnormality in diabetes. Understanding the pathogenesis of anemia associated with diabetes may help optimize its management. We conducted a study to determine the biological and etiopathogenic features that may be associated with anemia in Gabonese diabetic patients. Patients and method: Retrospective descriptive study of diabetic patients hospitalized in the endocrinology department of the University Hospital of Libreville during the year 2017 was included: any hospitalized patient with a hemoglobin (Hb) level less than: 13g/dl (men), 12g/dl (women). Anemia was mild if Hb in women between10.9 and11.9g/dl and in men between 10.9 and 12.9 g/dl Hb, moderate if Hb between 8 and 10.9 g/dl and severe if Hb< 8g/dl. Data analysis: EPI-INFO version 3.5. Results: 153 cases included/782 hospitalizations: prevalence 19.56%.mean age 54.4 years (±11.1), sex ratio: 1.4(88men/65 women).probable type 2 diabetes (92.20%) probable type 1 diabetes (6.5%).mean duration of diabetes: 9years. Mild anemia: 34.6% with mean Hb 11.98g/dl; moderate: 49% with mean Hb 9.65g/dl and severe 16.3% with mean Hb 6.76g/dl. Microcytic hypochromic anemia (30.7%), normocytic hypochromic anemia (18.3%), normocytic normochromic anemia (27.5%), microcytic normochromic anemia (20.9%) and macrocytic anemia (2.6%). Etiology: Probable inflammatory origin (50.3%) Renal insufficiency (24.1%) Martial deficiency (3.4%) Etiological factor not found (22.2%) Martial assessment, at the patient's expense, not performed (96%). Conclusion: Anemia is a frequent biological abnormality in diabetics in Gabon. It is most often moderate, and most often related to infectious and renal causes.

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Diabetes/Dementia in Sub-Saharian Africa and Nigerian Women in the Eye of Storm

Oghagbon

Prieto-Pino

Dogoh

et al. 2022

CAR

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: In the next few years, the prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) is projected to dramatically increase globally, but most of the cases will occur in low-to-middle-income countries. Some of the major risk factors for diabetes accelerate the development of dementia in African-Americans, thus leading to a higher prevalence of dementia than Caucasians. Sub-Saharan Africa women have a disproportionately two-to-eight fold increased prevalence of dementia. In the eye of this storm, Nigeria holds the highest number of diabetics on the African continent, and its prevalence is rising in parallel to obesity, hypertension, and the population’s aging. The socio-economic impact of the rising prevalence of DM and dementia will be huge and unsustainable for the healthcare system in Nigeria, as has been recognized in developed economies. Here, we analyze the current situation of women's health in Nigeria and explore future perspectives and directions. The complex interplay of factors involved in diabetes and dementia in Nigerian women include key biological agents (metabolic syndrome, vascular damage, inflammation, oxidative stress, insulin resistance), nutritional habits, lifestyle, and anemia, that worsen with comorbidities. In addition, restricted resources, lack of visibility, and poor management result in a painful chain that increases the risk and burden of disease in Nigerian women from youth to elderly ages. Heath policies to increase the ra- tio of mental health professionals per number of patients, mostly in rural areas, foment of proactive primary care centers, and interventions targeting adolescents and adult women and other specific mothers-children pairs are strongly required for a sustainable development goal.

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Anaemia in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus attending regular Diabetic Outpatient Clinic in Maiduguri, Nigeria

Cited by 3 publications

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Anemia in type 2 diabetic patients and correlation with kidney function in a tertiary care sub-Saharan African hospital: a cross-sectional study

Anemia in type 2 diabetic patients and correlation with kidney function in a tertiary care sub-Saharan African hospital: a cross-sectional study

Anemia in hospitalized diabetics: experience of the Libreville Chu

Diabetes/Dementia in Sub-Saharian Africa and Nigerian Women in the Eye of Storm

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