Anaemia in pregnancy in developing countries

Guidotti, Richard

doi:10.1111/j.1471-0528.2000.tb13258.x

Cited by 37 publications

(23 citation statements)

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“…Anemia in pregnancy has been clearly associated with poor birth outcome, including low birth-weight [52]–[55] and increased maternal morbidity and mortality [30],[56],[57].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Global Programme to Eliminate Lymphatic Filariasis: Health Impact after 8 Years

et al. 2008

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BackgroundIn its first 8 years, the Global Programme to Eliminate Lymphatic Filariasis (GPELF) achieved an unprecedentedly rapid scale-up: >1.9 billion treatments with anti-filarial drugs (albendazole, ivermectin, and diethylcarbamazine) were provided via yearly mass drug administration (MDA) to a minimum of 570 million individuals living in 48 of the 83 initially identified LF-endemic countries.MethodologyTo assess the health impact that this massive global effort has had, we analyzed the benefits accrued first from preventing or stopping the progression of LF disease, and then from the broader anti-parasite effects (‘beyond-LF’ benefits) attributable to the use of albendazole and ivermectin. Projections were based on demographic and disease prevalence data from publications of the Population Reference Bureau, The World Bank, and the World Health Organization.ResultBetween 2000 and 2007, the GPELF prevented LF disease in an estimated 6.6 million newborns who would otherwise have acquired LF, thus averting in their lifetimes nearly 1.4 million cases of hydrocele, 800,000 cases of lymphedema and 4.4 million cases of subclinical disease. Similarly, 9.5 million individuals—previously infected but without overt manifestations of disease—were protected from developing hydrocele (6.0 million) or lymphedema (3.5 million). These LF-related benefits, by themselves, translate into 32 million DALYs (Disability Adjusted Life Years) averted. Ancillary, ‘beyond-LF’ benefits from the >1.9 billion treatments delivered by the GPELF were also enormous, especially because of the >310 million treatments to the children and women of childbearing age who received albendazole with/without ivermectin (effectively treating intestinal helminths, onchocerciasis, lice, scabies, and other conditions). These benefits can be described but remain difficult to quantify, largely because of the poorly defined epidemiology of these latter infections.ConclusionThe GPELF has earlier been described as a ‘best buy’ in global health; this present tally of attributable health benefits from its first 8 years strengthens this notion considerably.

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“…Anemia in pregnancy has been clearly associated with poor birth outcome, including low birth-weight [52]–[55] and increased maternal morbidity and mortality [30],[56],[57].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Global Programme to Eliminate Lymphatic Filariasis: Health Impact after 8 Years

et al. 2008

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“…119 It is also recognized that anemia underlies some 8% to 15% of maternal deaths in developing countries. [120][121][122] Although the exact contribution of maternal anemia to maternal mortality India; rural setting; RCT 3 groups of women (n ϭ 126) were formed and followed from 20 wk gestation to birth; women in group 1 (n ϭ 37) received an iron ϩ folate supplement, and group 2 (n ϭ 39) received a dietary supplement high in protein and calories, as well as the iron ϩ folate supplement; group 3 (n ϭ 50) received none of the above and served as the control group.…”

Section: Iron Supplementationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The majority of such cases of anemia are related to iron deficiency, although malaria and hookworm infestation, as well as protein and other micronutrient deficiencies, may play a role also. 121 Iron-deficiency anemia is highly prevalent in developing countries, affecting an estimated 2 billion people, including one fourth of the world's women and children. 125,126 Thus, there has been much interest in interventions geared toward improving iron intake and status during pregnancy.…”

Section: Iron Supplementationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Community-Based Interventions for Improving Perinatal and Neonatal Health Outcomes in Developing Countries: A Review of the Evidence

et al. 2005

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ABSTRACT. Background. Infant and under-5 childhood mortality rates in developing countries have declined significantly in the past 2 to 3 decades. However, 2 critical indicators, maternal and newborn mortality, have hardly changed. World leaders at the United Nations Millennium Summit in September 2000 agreed on a critical goal to reduce deaths of children <5 years by two thirds, but this may be unattainable without halving newborn deaths, which now comprise 40% of all under-5 deaths. Greater emphasis on wide-scale implementation of proven, cost-effective measures is required to save women's and newborns' lives. Approximately 99% of neonatal deaths take place in developing countries, mostly in homes and communities. A comprehensive review of the evidence base for impact of interventions on neonatal health and survival in developingcountry communities has not been reported.Objective. This review of community-based antenatal, intrapartum, and postnatal intervention trials in developing countries aimed to identify (1) key behaviors and interventions for which the weight of evidence is sufficient to recommend their inclusion in communitybased neonatal care programs and (2) key gaps in knowledge and priority areas for future research and program learning.Methods. Available published and unpublished data on the impact of community-based strategies and interventions on perinatal and neonatal health status outcomes were reviewed. Evidence was summarized systematically and categorized into 4 levels of evidence based on study size, location, design, and reported impact, particularly on perinatal or neonatal mortality. The evidence was placed in the context of biological plausibility of the intervention; evidence from relevant developed-country studies; health care program experience in implementation; and recommendations from the World Health Organization and other leading agencies.Results. A paucity of community-based data was found from developing-country studies on health status impact for many interventions currently being considered for inclusion in neonatal health programs. However, review of the evidence and consideration of the broader context of knowledge, experience, and recommendations regarding these interventions enabled us to categorize them according to the strength of the evidence base and confidence regarding their inclusion now in programs. This article identifies a package of priority interventions to include in programs and formulates research priorities for advancing the state of the art in neonatal health care.Conclusions. This review emphasizes some new findings while recommending an integrated approach to safe motherhood and newborn health. The results of this study provide a foundation for policies and programs related to maternal and newborn health and emphasizes the importance of health systems research and evaluation of interventions. The review offers compelling support for using research to identify the most effective measures to save newborn lives. It also may facilitate dialogue with policy...

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“…It is specially more common in developing countries, because of poor nutritional and high prevalence of parasitic infestation. 1,2 Anaemia is defined by WHO as "haemoglobin level less than 10 gms percentage in pregnancy. It is divided into three degree viz mild degree (9-10.9 gm %), moderate degree (7.0-8.9 gm %) andf severe degree (less than 7.0 gm %).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maternal And Fetal Outcome Following Severe Anaemia In Pregnancy: Results From Nobel Medical College Teaching Hospital, Biratnagar, Nepal.

Ghimire¹,

Ghimire²

2013

J Nobel Med Coll

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Anaemia in pregnancy in developing countries

Cited by 37 publications

References 3 publications

The Global Programme to Eliminate Lymphatic Filariasis: Health Impact after 8 Years

The Global Programme to Eliminate Lymphatic Filariasis: Health Impact after 8 Years

Community-Based Interventions for Improving Perinatal and Neonatal Health Outcomes in Developing Countries: A Review of the Evidence

Maternal And Fetal Outcome Following Severe Anaemia In Pregnancy: Results From Nobel Medical College Teaching Hospital, Biratnagar, Nepal.

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