Anaerobic Biodegradation of Sterols Contained in Kraft Mill Effluents

Vidal, Gladys; Becerra, José; Hernández, Vı́ctor; Decap, Jacqueline; Xavier, Claudia Regina

doi:10.1263/jbb.104.476

Cited by 34 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…COD and BOD values were 881.0 ± 24.3 and 300.5 ± 9.5, respectively. The COD/BOD ratio (2.9) indicates high concentrations of recalcitrant compounds, such as phenolic compounds, tannin, and lignin, among others (Vidal et al 2007;Xavier et al 2009). On the other hand, Table 1 shows the presence of β-sitosterol and stigmasterol with concentrations of 0.333 ± 0.028 and 0.069 ± 0.014 respectively.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Effluent discharges from the kraft pulp mill have been identified as a potential contaminant of aquatic environments (Belmonte et al 2006;Vidal et al 2007;Chamorro et al 2010). Their compound nature is derived from the presence of several naturally occurring and xenobiotic compounds, which are formed and released during various stages of the process .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sensitivity Study Comparing Daphnia obtusa (Kurz 1874) and Daphnia magna (Straus 1820) Exposure to Treated Kraft Mill Effluents, Diethylstilbestrol, and Androstenedione

et al. 2017

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Kraft mill effluents treated by activated sludge show a reduction in acute toxicity. However, their discharges produce hormonal effects in an aquatic ecosystem, due to the sterols metabolites as androstenedione contained in the effluents. Daphnids bioassays are a powerful approach for determining toxicity. However, there are relative sensitivities depending on the species. The main objective of this study is to determine the sensitivity of D. magna and D. obtusa when exposed to kraft mill effluents, diethylstilboestrol (DES), and androstenedione (AED). The sensitivities were tested using acute bioassay exposed to kraft pulp mill. Moreover, the allometric growth rate of both daphnids affected by DES and AED regarding time were also evaluated for a period of nine days. Variation in the ratio between body length and body width -at the abdominal cavity -over time (k index) was evaluated. Results indicated that AED and DES compounds affected the allometric growth rate of daphnids. Specifically D. magna exhibited more sensitivity when it was exposed to kraft pulp mill.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sensitivity Study Comparing Daphnia obtusa (Kurz 1874) and Daphnia magna (Straus 1820) Exposure to Treated Kraft Mill Effluents, Diethylstilbestrol, and Androstenedione

et al. 2017

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“…High-rate AD processes for kraft ECF bleaching wastewaters, have shown a potential to degrade 46-76% of the incoming COD (UASB, Buzzini et al, 2005; anaerobic filter, Vidal et al, 2007; horizontal anaerobic immobilized bioreactor, Chaparro and Pires, 2011; packed bed AD column, Lin et al, 2013). Buzzini et al (2005) evaluated a synthetic wastewater of diluted black liquor with the addition of chlorinated compounds, whereas the others investigated the total bleaching wastewater, including both wastewater from the acidic steps with ClO2 and the alkaline extraction steps.…”

Section: High-rate Ad Of Kraft Ecf Bleaching Wastewatersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Buzzini et al (2005) evaluated a synthetic wastewater of diluted black liquor with the addition of chlorinated compounds, whereas the others investigated the total bleaching wastewater, including both wastewater from the acidic steps with ClO2 and the alkaline extraction steps. Much of the reported research is performed in South America, why eucalyptus (Chaparro and Pires, 2011;Buzzini et al, 2005) or pine (Vidal et al, 2007) are the raw materials mainly used for the pulp production. However, Lin et al (2013) sampled wastewater from the production of a mixed HW pulp (>60% oak, sweet gum and hickory).…”

Section: High-rate Ad Of Kraft Ecf Bleaching Wastewatersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…and so far the scientific literature presents varying results for high-rate AD of these kinds of wastewaters (e.g. 46-76% COD reduction; Vidal et al, 2007;Buzzini et al, 2005;Chaparro and Pires, 2011;Lin et al, 2013). Therefore, this type of wastewater needs further attention to facilitate a stable and continuous process.…”

Section: Case I -Alkaline Kraft Ecf Bleaching Wastewatermentioning

confidence: 99%

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Anaerobic Digestion of Wastewaters from Pulp and Paper Mills : A Substantial Source for Biomethane Production in Sweden

Larsson¹

2015

Linköping Studies in Arts and Sciences

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The Swedish pulp and paper industry is the third largest exporter of pulp and paper products worldwide. It is a highly energy-demanding and water-utilising industry, which generates large volumes of wastewater rich in organic material. These organic materials are to different extents suitable for anaerobic digestion (AD) and production of energy-rich biomethane. The implementation of an AD process within the wastewater treatment plant of a mill would increase the treatment capacity and decrease the overall energy consumption due to less aeration and lower sludge production and in addition produce biomethane. Despite the many benefits of AD it is only applied at two mills in Sweden today. The reason for the low implementation over the years may be due to problems encountered linked to the complexity and varying composition of the wastewaters. Due to changes in market demands many mills have broadened their product portfolios and turned towards more refined products. This has increased both the complexity and the variations of the wastewaters´ composition even further, as the above changes can imply an increased pulp bleaching and utilisation of more diverse raw materials within the mills.The main aim of this thesis was therefore to generate knowledge needed for an expansion of the biomethane production within the pulp and paper industry. As a first step to achieve this an evaluation of the biomethane potential and the suitability for AD of wastewaters within a range of Swedish pulp and paper mills was performed.Thus, around 70 wastewater streams from 11 different processes at eight mills were screened for their biomethane potential. In a second step, the impact of shifts in wood raw material and bleaching on the AD process and the biomethane production was investigated and further evaluated in upflow anaerobic sludge bed (UASB) reactors.ii The screening showed that the biomethane potential within the Swedish pulp and paper industry could be estimated to 700 GWh, which corresponds to 40% of the Swedish biomethane production during 2014. However, depending on the conditions at each specific mill the strategy for the establishment of AD needs to differ. For mills producing kraft pulp the potential is mainly found in wastewaters rich in fibres, alkaline kraft bleaching wastewaters and methanol-rich condensates. The biomethane potential within thermo-mechanical pulp-(TMP) and chemical thermo-mechanical pulp (CTMP) mills is mainly present in the total effluents after pre-sedimentation and in the bleaching effluents as these holds high concentrations of dissolved organic material. The screening further showed that the raw material used for pulp production is an important factor for the biomethane potential of a specific wastewater stream, i.e.hardwood (HW) wastewaters have higher potentials than those from softwood (SW) pulp production. This was confirmed in the lab-scale UASB reactor experiments, in which an alkaline kraft bleaching wastewater and a composite pulping and bleaching CTMP wastewater were used as s...

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