Anaerobic Degradation of Cyanuric Acid, Cysteine, and Atrazine by a Facultative Anaerobic Bacterium

Jessee, Joel; Benoit, Robert; Hendricks, Albert C.; Allen, George C.; Neal, John L.

doi:10.1128/aem.45.1.97-102.1983

Cited by 52 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 14 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Cook & Hiitter (1981a) postulate that the ring carbon of cyanuric acid is unavailable to heterotrophs because it is at the oxidation level of CO2: the idea is strengthened by evidence for simple hydrolysis apparently without cofactors and by quantitative yields of CO2 under aerobic and anaerobic conditions (the present paper; Zeyer et al, 1981;Wolf & Martin, 1975;Saldick, 1974). However, cyanuric acid is claimed to be the major carbon and energy source for anaerobic growth of an unidentified facultative anaerobe (Jessee et al, 1983), but we calculate a 7% carbon balance (the growth yield), much of which could have come from the cysteine that is shown to be utilized during growth, so we feel that claim to be premature.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 59%

Ring cleavage and degradative pathway of cyanuric acid in bacteria

Cook¹,

Beilstein²,

Grossenbacher³

et al. 1985

Biochemical Journal

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The degradative pathway of cyanuric acid [1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6(1H,3H,5H)-trione] was examined in Pseudomonas sp. strain D. The bacterium grew with cyanuric acid, biuret, urea or NH4+ as sole source of nitrogen, and each substrate was entirely metabolized concomitantly with growth. Enzymes from strain D were separated by chromatography on DEAE-cellulose and three reactions were examined. Cyanuric acid (1 mol) was converted stoichiometrically into 1.0 mol of CO2 and 1.1 mol of biuret, which was conclusively identified. Biuret (1 mol) was converted stoichiometrically into 1.1 mol of NH4+, about 1 mol of CO2 and 1.0 mol of urea, which was conclusively identified. Urea (1 mol) was converted into 1.9 mol of NH4+ and 1.0 mol of CO2. The reactions proceeded under aerobic or anoxic conditions and were presumed to be hydrolytic. Data indicate that the same pathway occurred in another pseudomonad and a strain of Klebsiella pneumoniae.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 59%

Ring cleavage and degradative pathway of cyanuric acid in bacteria

Cook¹,

Beilstein²,

Grossenbacher³

et al. 1985

Biochemical Journal

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Only soil pretreated with CIET yielded enrichments to degrade CIET, but here too, the physiological results are inconclusive (section 5.1.4). In contrast to utilisation of the side-chain, Jessee et al [67] have isolated an unidentified anaerobic bacterium, which is claimed to utilise the ring carbon of OOOT as a major source of carbon and energy under mixed substrate conditions: however, the mass balance for carbon (7% recovery; see [79]) is unsatisfactory, so more evidence is required to establish the claim.…”

Section: Enrichments With a Carbon Limitationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biodegration of s-triazine xenobiotics

Cook

1987

FEMS Microbiology Letters

206

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

SUMMARYBiodegradation of xenobiotic compounds is examined with s-triazines as an example and with biological treatment of wastewater containing striazines as an aim. s-Triazines have been termed recalcitrant, but examination of the literature indicates that a potential for biodegradation exists. Nitrogen-limited enrichment cultures yield organisms able to degrade by-products of the industrial synthesis of s-triazine herbicides as sources of nitrogen. The choice of inoculum for these enrichments is important and often allows for successful enrichment after simple batch culture, but organisms containing several degradative reactions could be obtained only after selection in extended culture. Routine, specific determinations of all s-triazines (by HPLC) were essential throughout the work. Molar growth yields show complete mass balances for the utilization of s-triazines. Kinetic experiments indicate that specific degradation rates of s-triazines in growing cells are about 0.4 mkat/kg of protein. Characterised biochemical pathways consist of a series of hydrolytic cleavages of chloro-, amino-and alkylaminogroups from the s-triazine ring. Pathways con-

show abstract

“…In the presence of excessive moisture conditions above field capacity, the activity of some microbial populations will be limited as a result of reduced aeration, and thereby some pesticides may be degraded slowly or not at all 14–16. However, the degradation of many pesticides is independent of the oxygen supply, and anaerobic conversions are common 17, 18…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Degradation of atrazine and isoproturon in surface and sub‐surface soil materials undergoing different moisture and aeration conditions

Issa

Wood

2004

Pest Management Science

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The influence of different moisture and aeration conditions on the degradation of atrazine and isoproturon was investigated in environmental samples aseptically collected from surface and sub-surface zones of agricultural land. The materials were maintained at two moisture contents corresponding to just above field capacity or 90% of field capacity. Another two groups of samples were adjusted with water to above field capacity, and, at zero time, exposed to drying-rewetting cycles. Atrazine was more persistent (t(1/2) = 22-35 days) than isoproturon (t(1/2) = 5-17 days) in samples maintained at constant moisture conditions. The rate of degradation for both herbicides was higher in samples maintained at a moisture content of 90% of field capacity than in samples with higher moisture contents. The reduction in moisture content in samples undergoing desiccation from above field capacity to much lower than field capacity enhanced the degradation of isoproturon (t(1/2) = 9-12 days) but reduced the rate of atrazine degradation (t(1/2) = 23-35 days). This demonstrates the variability between different micro-organisms in their susceptibility to desiccation. Under anaerobic conditions generated in anaerobic jars, atrazine degraded much more rapidly than isoproturon in materials taken from three soil profiles (0-250 cm depth). It is suggested that some specific micro-organisms are able to survive and degrade herbicide under severe conditions of desiccation.

show abstract

Anaerobic Degradation of Cyanuric Acid, Cysteine, and Atrazine by a Facultative Anaerobic Bacterium

Cited by 52 publications

References 14 publications

Ring cleavage and degradative pathway of cyanuric acid in bacteria

Ring cleavage and degradative pathway of cyanuric acid in bacteria

Biodegration of s-triazine xenobiotics

Degradation of atrazine and isoproturon in surface and sub‐surface soil materials undergoing different moisture and aeration conditions

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About