Anaerobic Metabolism in Plants

Kennedy, Robert A.; Rumpho, Mary E.; Fox, Theodore C.

doi:10.1104/pp.100.1.1

Cited by 400 publications

(268 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…It has been well documented that the onset of anoxia is associated with a decrease in cytoplasmic pH in plants 12,29 . Several parameters are involved in the regulation of cytoplasmic pH in anoxic plant cells.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Limit Dextrinase - Does Its Malt Activity Relate to Its Activity During Brewing?

McCafferty

Jenkinson

Brosnan

et al. 2004

Journal of the Institute of Brewing

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Limit dextrinase (EC 3.2.1.142) hydrolyses α‐1,6 glucosidic bonds in amylopectin and branched dextrins. Measurement of limit dextrinase activity during fermentation of unboiled wort at the pH of the wort has shown that its activity increases almost 10 fold during the first 10–15 h of fermentation and this increase in activity is unaffected by the presence of leupeptin, a cysteine protease inhibitor. The increase in activity seen when assays were carried out at pH 5.5 was much smaller and was reduced by leupeptin. The activity of limit dextrinase declined slowly during the latter part of the fermentation. It was established that the optimum pH for rapid extraction and assay of malt limit dextrinase in the absence of a reducing agent is approximately 4.5, but in the presence of dithiothreitol, at pH 5.5, activities 2–3 times higher can be obtained after 5 h extraction (600–700 mU/g dry weight). Limit dextrinase activities after 1 h extraction at mashing temperatures were below 20 mU/g dry weight if the mash pH was below 5.0. It is concluded that at pHs below 5.0, where limit dextrinase activity is below its optimum for activity, limit dextrinase activity increases due to dissociation of the inhibitor/enzyme complex. The protection from mashing temperatures of 65°C afforded by the inhibitor is lost at these lower pHs.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Limit Dextrinase - Does Its Malt Activity Relate to Its Activity During Brewing?

McCafferty

Jenkinson

Brosnan

et al. 2004

Journal of the Institute of Brewing

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“…Esse processo, muitas vezes está associado à presença de solos encharcados, onde a difusão dos gases da atmosfera para a semente é limitada, fazendo com que as sementes da maioria das espécies percam rapidamente a viabilidade e não germinem (Kennedy et al, 1992). No entanto, algumas espécies, têm desenvolvido mecanismos de tolerância á anôxia (Vartapetian et al, 1978;Alpi e Beevers, 1983).…”

Section: Sistema Isoenzimático Esterase (Est) -Analisando O Padrão Isunclassified

“…O processo de acumulação de etanol envolve a oxidação de NADH e resulta na produção de pequenas quantidades de ATP, fundamental para a sobrevivência de varias espécies sob condições de anôxia (Kennedy et al, 1992).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Expressão diferencial de isoenzimas durante o processo de germinação de sementes de arroz em grandes profundidades de semeadura

Malone

Zimmer²,

Meneghello

et al. 2007

Rev. bras. sementes

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RESUMO -O processo de germinação se constitui num complexo e ordenado conjunto de eventos fisiológicos e bioquímicos em que a semente é submetida logo após iniciar a absorção de água. A retomada do crescimento do embrião por causa da absorção de água envolve a reativação de muitas enzimas já presentes nas sementes e a sínteses de outras que irão hidrolisar as sustâncias de reserva, fornecer poder oxidante, energia, entre outras, para a germinação. A emergência das plântulas nas monocotiledôneas depende, principalmente, da profundidade de semeadura, e de muitos outros fatores tais como atributos genéticos e vigor das sementes, sendo que o embrião é nutrido de forma exclusiva, pelas reservas da semente. No presente trabalho, os padrões isoenzimáticos de Esterase (EST), Fosfatase Acida (ACP), Malato Deshidrogenase (MDH), Álcool Deshidrogenase (ADH) e Glutamato Oxalacetato Transaminase (GOT) de 34 ecótipos de arroz vermelho e 5 cultivares comerciais foram analisados durante o processo de germinação a 20 cm de profundidade com o objetivo de identificar variações de expressão diferencial nos sistemas isoenzimáticos analisados. Os cinco sistemas isoenzimáticos analisados apresentaram variações na expressão enzimática, principalmente quando comparados os padrões observados em semente seca e em plântulas em desenvolvimento. Dos resultados obtidos conclui-se que, há um diferencial de expressão nos genes que comandam a expressão das isoenzimas Esterase (EST), Fosfatase Ácida (ACP), Malato Deshidrogenase (MDH), Álcool Deshidrogenase (MDH) e Glutamato Oxalacetato Transaminase (GOT), nos processos de germinação de sementes de arroz.Termos para indexação: Oryza sativa, eletroforese, extração de proteínas. ISOENZIMATIC DIFERENTIAL EXPRESSION AMONG RICE SEED GERMINATION PROCESS IN GREAT DEPTH SOWINGABSTRACT -The germination process consists of a complex and regulated group of physiologic and biochemical events that happen in the seed soon after beginning water absorption. The restart of the embryo growth due to water absorption involves the reactivation of many enzymes that will hydrolyze reserve substances, to supply redox potential and energy for germination. Plantlet emergence in monocotyledonous depends, principally, on the sowing depth and other factors such as genetic potential and seed vigor, because the embryo is nurtured by the seed stores along. In this study, isoenzimatic patterns of Esterase (EST), Acid Phosphatase (ACP), Malate Dehydrogenase (MDH), Alcohol Dehydrogenase (ADH) and Glutamate Oxalacetate Transaminase (GOT) were analyzed among germination processes at 20 cm in 34 red rice ecotypes and 5 commercial cultivars with the objective of identifying differential expression variations in the isoenzimatic systems analyzed. The five isoenzimatic systems analyzed showed variations in the

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“…It is conceivable that the seasonal waterlogged conditions in the Low Marshes precluded the establishment of many species that were flood intolerant. Only a handful of seed plant species are capable of anaerobic germination (Kennedy et al, 1980(Kennedy et al, , 1992. Recruitment for the Low Marsh from a smaller pool of wetland species would also be slower compared to that for the High Marsh, which had species introduction from a much larger adjacent pool of non-wetland species.…”

Section: Species Richnessmentioning

confidence: 99%

A five year study of floristic succession in a restored urban wetland

Richardson

2013

Ecological Engineering

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a b s t r a c tThe Stream and Wetland Assessment Management Park (SWAMP) project created a wetland-stream complex that encompasses a wide array of micro-environments and hydrology. These diverse habitats were designed to facilitate ecosystem diversity via enhanced pathways for ecological succession during restoration. We took an empirical approach to examine floral succession under natural processes following wetland restoration of floodplain and marsh habitats. Survey plots were set up in four forest gaps in palustrine wetlands, each containing a Low Marsh and a High Marsh. During five years of recovery from the soil disturbance and upland vegetation removal, wetland species richness gradually increased from 24 to 38 species in the Low Marshes, where waterlogged conditions precluded upland species invasions. Conversely, upland species richness quickly declined from 69 to 29 species over time in the High Marsh, now subjected to increase flooding. The species successional patterns suggest a slower turnover in the wet Low Marsh, but faster turnover in the moist High Marsh. Following the intermediate disturbance hypothesis, we observed that High Marsh species richness reached its maximum in the first year of the vegetation survey, whereas even after five years the plant diversity in the Low Marsh has yet to peak. The once widespread Ligustrum sinense (Chinese privet) was decimated following the SWAMP restoration. However, the exotic invasive species, Microstegium vimineum (Japanese stilt grass) dominated the floodplain except in the wettest Low Marsh sites. Given the successional patterns of increased wetland species following restoration, we recommend removal of woody invasive species such as L. sinense to prevent their re-establishment followed by long-term monitoring and continued removal (5-7 years) of invasive species to allow native species establishment. Our study shows that the creation of wetter floodplain habitats with increased flooding suppresses the establishment of the highly invasive M. vimineum.

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Anaerobic Metabolism in Plants

Cited by 400 publications

References 33 publications

Limit Dextrinase - Does Its Malt Activity Relate to Its Activity During Brewing?

Limit Dextrinase - Does Its Malt Activity Relate to Its Activity During Brewing?

Expressão diferencial de isoenzimas durante o processo de germinação de sementes de arroz em grandes profundidades de semeadura

A five year study of floristic succession in a restored urban wetland

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