Anaerobic performance in masters athletes

Reaburn, Peter; Dascombe, Ben J.

doi:10.1007/s11556-008-0041-6

Cited by 44 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 152 publications

(269 reference statements)

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“…Indeed, this is a characteristic reported for training sessions of masters athletes and periodization programs (Eskurza et al, 2002). Furthermore, the decrease in anaerobic performance may also, be attributed to changes in morphological factors (decreased muscle mass, type II muscle fiber atrophy), muscle contractile property (decreased rate of force development) and biomechanical features (changes in enzyme activity, decreased lactate production), factors that occurred with ageing (Reaburn & Dascombe, 2009). The type II fiber uses anaerobic metabolic processes to generate ATP, enabling short contraction time and the ability to produce high tension (Reaburn & Dascombe, 2009).…”

Section: Partial Contribution To Total Energymentioning

confidence: 88%

“…Furthermore, the decrease in anaerobic performance may also, be attributed to changes in morphological factors (decreased muscle mass, type II muscle fiber atrophy), muscle contractile property (decreased rate of force development) and biomechanical features (changes in enzyme activity, decreased lactate production), factors that occurred with ageing (Reaburn & Dascombe, 2009). The type II fiber uses anaerobic metabolic processes to generate ATP, enabling short contraction time and the ability to produce high tension (Reaburn & Dascombe, 2009). Therefore, it is expected that female swimmers muscles lose their ability for power strength as a result of the preferential fibers atrophy (Macaluso & Vito, 2004) and lower anaerobic contribution.…”

Section: Partial Contribution To Total Energymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…With increasing age, anaerobic capacity decreases (Benelli et al, 2007;Donato et al, 2003;Reaburn & Dascombe, 2009) and the human skeletal muscle undergoes both structural and functional changes, the most striking of which are the reduction in muscle volume and muscle strength (Faulkner et al, 2007). Area of muscle mass of old individuals was found to be significantly smaller and the total number of fibers significantly fewer than those of young individuals.…”

Section: Partial Contribution To Total Energymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of swim training on energetic and performance in women masters’ swimmers

Ferreira¹,

Barbosa²,

Costa³

et al. 2016

jhse

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Ferreira, M.I., Barbosa, T.M., Costa, M.J., Neiva, H.P., Vilaça, J., & Marinho, D.A. (2016). Effects of swim training on energetic and performance in women masters' swimmers. J. Hum. Sport Exerc., 11(1), 99-106. The aim of this study was to analyze and compare the changes of performance and energetic profile of female masters swimmers over a season, in three distinct time periods (TP): December (TP1), March (TP2) and June (TP3). Eleven female masters swimmers performed an all-out 200 m freestyle to evaluate the swimmers' energetic adaptations. The 200 m freestyle performance, the total energy expenditure (Etot) and the partial contribution of aerobic energy source (%Aer), partial contribution of anaerobic lactic energy source (%AnL) and partial contribution of anaerobic alactic energy source (%AnAl) contributions were estimated or assessed. Female masters swimmers improved significantly the 200 m freestyle performance over a season. However, a non-significant improvement was found on their energetic profile. Hence, one might speculate that performance improvement might be related to other performance determinants, such as, technical enhancement. Aerobic metabolism was the major contributor for Etot whereas anaerobic alactic was the second major contributor.

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Section: Partial Contribution To Total Energymentioning

confidence: 88%

Section: Partial Contribution To Total Energymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Partial Contribution To Total Energymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of swim training on energetic and performance in women masters’ swimmers

Ferreira¹,

Barbosa²,

Costa³

et al. 2016

jhse

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“…In swimming shorter distances (100 yards), females performed better with a higher fat-free body weight, lower body fatness and a greater height while standing, whereas males did not seem to be influenced by these factors (Siders, Lukaski, & Bolonchuk, 1993). For shorter anaerobic events of 10-100s, a lower anaerobic capacity expressed to total body mass was shown, or the lower active muscle mass was a major cause in a lower performance for females (Reaburn & Dascombe, 2009 …”

Section: The Sex Differences In Peak Swim Timesmentioning

confidence: 98%

Age of peak swim speed and sex difference in performance in medley and freestyle swimming – a comparison between 200 m and 400 m in Swiss elite swimmers

Vaso¹,

Knechtle²,

Rüst³

et al. 2013

JHSE

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Vaso, M., Knechtle, B., Rüst, C.A., Rosemann, T. & Lepers, R. (2013). Age of peak swim speed and sex difference in performance in medley and freestyle swimming -A comparison between 200 m and 400 m in Swiss elite swimmers. J. Hum. Sport Exerc., 8(3), pp.954-965. The aims of the present study were to examine (i) the age of peak swim speed and (ii) the sex difference in peak swim times in 200m and 400m medley versus freestyle. Swim times and ages of 5,524 swimmers (2,785 males and 2,739 females) from the Swiss high score list from 2006 to 2010 were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). The age of peak swim speed was younger for females (~20-21 years) compared to males (~22-25 years) for both distances and both swimming styles. The sex differences in peak swim times for age group 10-39 years were 9.7% (SD=3.4) and 7.1% (SD=5.1) for 200m and 400m individual medley, and 10.1% (SD=5.0) and 6.1% (SD=4.0) for 200m and 400m freestyle, respectively. The sex differences were neither different between the two distances nor between the two disciplines (p > .05). There were no differences within each sex (i.e. females to females, and males to males) in the age of reaching peak swim speed in 200m and 400m individual medley and freestyle. However, females reached the peak swim speed at a younger age than males. The sex differences in peak swim times were similar for 200m than for 400m for both swim styles. To summarize, the present findings suggest no difference in the age of peak swim times in 200m and 400m individual medley and freestyle. However, females reached peak swim times earlier than males, which might be dependent on a different development of the genders in puberty and the related physiological and anthropometric factors. Sex differences in peak swim times were similar for 200m than for 400m for both swim styles.

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“…Accordingly, an increasing number of articles and book chapters have highlighted the value of athletics records in providing an insight into ageing and performance (for recent reviews see [2,4,12]). Taking the absolute best records in each age category provides a straightforward approach to the upper limits of human performance compared to studies calculating averages from different sources of statistics compiled for athletes or trying to obtain representative performance results for all athletes participating in given sports.…”

Section: Record Performancesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ageing and maximal physical performance

Suominen

2010

Eur Rev Aging Phys Act

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Elite master athletes with long-term devotion to physical training offer an economical means of investigating the effects of ageing and habitual exercise on maximal physical performance. Ideally, individuals with optimised living habits throughout their lives could serve as a human model of 'primary' or 'inherent' ageing, where age-related changes are not confounded by sedentary life-style and associated chronic diseases. A limitation of this approach is the selection bias as those with inherently high physical capacity and good health participate in competitive sports. The age-related decrements remain obvious, but the record performances of master athletes competing in running and jumping events are preserved at an extraordinary high level until old age. Similarly, underlying capacities such as muscle strength, power and endurance remain far above the age norms, thus providing superior functional reserves for activities of daily living. Nevertheless, even the best records may overestimate the age decrements. It is obvious that the older champions have never trained and performed as well as the current younger athletes, and that the performance of individual athletes retaining or increasing their training volume and intensity show smaller decrements over the years. The plasticity of individual development is preserved in later life thus making it possible, at least for some time, to modify the age-associated decline in the different aspects of maximal physical performance.

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Anaerobic performance in masters athletes

Cited by 44 publications

References 152 publications

Effects of swim training on energetic and performance in women masters’ swimmers

Effects of swim training on energetic and performance in women masters’ swimmers

Age of peak swim speed and sex difference in performance in medley and freestyle swimming – a comparison between 200 m and 400 m in Swiss elite swimmers

Ageing and maximal physical performance

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