Anaerobic respiration and antioxidant responses of Corythucha ciliata (Say) adults to heat-induced oxidative stress under laboratory and field conditions

Abstract

High temperature often induces oxidative stress and antioxidant response in insects. This phenomenon has been well documented under controlled laboratory conditions, but whether it happens under fluctuating field conditions is largely unknown. In this study, we used an invasive lace bug (Corythucha ciliata) as a model species to compare the effects of controlled thermal treatments (2 h at 33-43°C with 2°C intervals in the laboratory) and naturally fluctuating thermal conditions (08:00-14:00 at 2-h intervals (29.7-37.2°C) on a hot summer day in a field in Shanghai, China) on lipid peroxidation (malondialdehyde (MDA) was the marker) and anaerobic respiration (lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) was the marker), as well as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione (GSH), and glutathione reductase (GR). The results show that MDA concentration increased significantly in response to heat stresses with similar trend in the laboratory and field. LDH activities did not significantly vary across temperatures in the laboratory-exposed individuals, but they significantly increased by rising temperature in the field. The activities or concentrations of SOD, CAT, GSH, and GR all significantly increased with increasing temperature in the two populations. These findings indicate that high temperature induces oxidative stress, resulting in high anaerobic respiration and antioxidant defenses in C. ciliata under both the laboratory and field conditions, which likely provide a defense mechanism against oxidative damage due to the accumulation of ROS.

Biomarkers of oxidative status: missing tools in conservation physiology

“…If animals are not able to compensate fully for an increase in ROS production by mobilizing antioxidants, exposure to high temperature is expected to result in increased oxidative damage. For instance, heat-stressed lace bugs ( Corythucha ciliata ) can only protect themselves partly against heat-induced oxidative stress, as illustrated by an increase in antioxidant enzymes accompanied by an increase in oxidative damage levels ( Ju et al , 2014 ). In contrast, Japanese quails ( Coturnix coturnix japonica ) do not appear to be able to protect themselves against heat-induced oxidative stress at all, as suggested by a decrease in antioxidant enzymes and a concomitant increase in oxidative damage ( Sahin et al , 2012 ).…”

Effects of adult temperature on gene expression in a butterfly: identifying pathways associated with thermal acclimation

“…Also, the functional category ‘nitric oxide biosynthetic process’ was overrepresented at the higher temperature. Higher temperatures elevate the production of reactive oxygen species as a by-product of the aerobic metabolism, which may cause oxidative damage [57, 58]. A concomitant up-regulation of antioxidant enzymes may in turn alleviate the resulting oxidative stress, and has therefore been implied to play a crucial role for heat stress resistance in insects [59–62].…”

“…Such conditioning may arise from higher basal levels of anti-oxidant enzymes or a quicker response to deteriorating conditions as the respective ‘machinery’ has been already turned on. While the important role of antioxidant enzymes in alleviating detrimental effects of oxidative stress is firmly established [58, 81], we believe that its potentially crucial role for mediating increased stress tolerance, even under non-stressful conditions, deserves more attention (e.g. [59, 62, 65, 82, 83]).…”

Proteomic analysis of the hypothalamus of broiler‐type Taiwan country chickens in response to acute heat stress

“…The downregulated expression of HBB, HBAD, and HBAA (Table ) may reflect the systemic regulation of heat dissipation to redistribute the blood supply to extracranial vascular beds, leading to hypoxia in the hypothalamus after acute stress (Ju, Wei, Wang, Zhou, & Li, ; Kohroki et al., ; Ogoh et al., ). Heme is degraded by heme oxygenase, leading to the release of iron in cells.…”