Anal cancer precursor lesions in HIV-positive and HIV-negative patients seen at a tertiary health institution in Brazil

Silva, Ivan Tramujas da Costa e; Araújo, José de Ribamar; Andrade, Rosilene Viana de; Cabral, Celso Rômulo Barbosa; Gimenez, Felicidad Santos; Guimarães, Adriana Gonçalves Daumas Pinheiro; Martins, Ticiane Costa; Lopes, Lucília Rocha; Ferreira, Luíz Carlos de Lima

doi:10.1590/s0102-86502011000100012

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Patients aged between 20 and 34 years accounted for the largest share (55%) of new AIDS cases, followed by the 35-to 49-year age group (33%) and the 15-to 19-year age group (3%). Overall, the age distribution of AIDS case reports among women was similar to the distribution among men, except for the youngest age group (13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19) Figure 4). Considering that all municipalities reported equally, Manaus is the most affected city, with 86.7% of AIDS cases, followed by Parintins (2.3%), Itacoatiara (1.5%), and Tabatinga (0.1%).…”

Section: Transmission Patternsmentioning

confidence: 65%

“…At a reference hospital in Manaus, 46.8% of patients with AIDS had positive cultures for Mycobacterium tuberculosis, and 9.3% had positive cultures for non-tuberculosis mycobacteria (10) . HIV/AIDS patients attended at the same reference hospital displayed a prevalence of coinfection with chronic hepatitis B carriage of 6.4% (11) , a hepatitis B past infection rate of 40.2% (11) , a hepatitis C infection rate of 4.42% (12) , a leprosy infection rate of 0.76% (13) , and an anal squamous intraepithelial lesion rate of 38.3% (14) .…”

Section: The Early Years Of the Hiv/aids Epidemic In The State Of Amamentioning

confidence: 99%

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HIV/AIDS epidemic in the State of Amazonas: characteristics and trends from 2001 to 2012

Oliveira

Benzaken

Saraceni

et al. 2015

Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop.

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70www.scielo.br/rsbmt I www.rsbmt.org.br Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical 48(Suppl I):70-78, 2015http://dx.doi. org/10.1590/0037-8682-0121-2013 Review Article ABSTRACT A scoping review was conducted to describe the epidemiological characteristics of the human immunodefi ciency virus/acquired immunodefi ciency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) epidemic in the State of Amazonas, Brazil, from 2001 to 2012, and temporary patterns were estimated from surveillance data. The results suggest that in its third decade, the Amazon HIV/AIDS epidemic is far from being stabilized and displays rising AIDS incidence and mortality rates and late diagnoses. The data suggest that AIDS cases are hitting mostly young adults and have recently shifted toward men, both homosexual and heterosexual. AIDS cases among the indigenous people have remained stable and low. However, the epidemic has disseminated to the interior of the state, which adds diffi culties to its control, given the geographical isolation, logistical barriers, and culturally and ethnically diverse population. Antiretroviral (ARV) therapy has been decentralized, but peripheral ARV services are still insuffi cient and too distant from people who need them. Recently, the expansion of point-of-care (POC) rapid HIV testing has been contributing to overcoming logistical barriers. Other new POC devices, such as the PIMA CD4 analyzer, will bring the laboratory to the patient. AIDS uniquely coexists with other tropical infections, sharing their epidemiological profi les. The increased demand for HIV/AIDS care services can only be satisfi ed through increased decentralization to peripheral health units, which can also naturally integrate care with other tropical infections and can promote a shift from vertical to integrated programming. Future challenges involve building surveillance data on HIV case notifi cation and covering the spectrum of engagement in care, including adherence to treatment and follow-up loss.

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Section: Transmission Patternsmentioning

confidence: 65%

Section: The Early Years Of the Hiv/aids Epidemic In The State Of Amamentioning

confidence: 99%

HIV/AIDS epidemic in the State of Amazonas: characteristics and trends from 2001 to 2012

Oliveira

Benzaken

Saraceni

et al. 2015

Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop.

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“…The results of a study of Czech patients with anal cancer by Tachezy et al [6], in which the same number of patients was analyzed as in our study, revealed that 52.4% of the patients were female. Two other studies, conducted in Brazil, found that the occurrence of anal cancer was 62.8-78.8% among the female patients studied [19,20].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Prevalence of human papillomavirus infection in squamous cell carcinoma of the anal canal in a Northeast City in Brazil: viral genotyping and clinical aspects

et al. 2017

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Background: Anal cancer malignancies comprise about 1.5 to 3% of cancers from the gastrointestinal in which high-risk types of human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) is responsible for >80% of cases. The aim of this work was to detect and perform human papillomavirus (HPV) genotyping in squamous cell carcinoma specimens from the anal canal and to investigate the association between viral infection and histopathological and clinical aspects. Methods: The presence of genotype-specific HPV DNA in formalin-fixed paraffin embedded tissue from 27 anal SCC samples from a reference cancer hospital of São Luís, State of Maranhão, Brazil was performed by Linear Array HPV Genotyping Test and the INNO-LiPA HPV Genotyping Assay. Fisher's Exact test and Chi-square test were performed in order to evaluate the association between HPV type and clinical and morphological variables. P values less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results: Average age of patients at the time of diagnosis was 54.96 years ± 15.81; 74.07% of patients were female. Vegetative ulcers represented the most common type of lesion (22.22%). The lesions ranged in size from 2.1 cm to 5.0 cm and mostly were well-differentiated (70.38%). Lymph node involvement was observed in 26% of the patients. Molecular evaluation revealed that HPV infection was detected in 81.48% of the lesions, and the most common type found was the oncogenic HPV 16. Statistical analysis indicated that the clinical and histopathological variables were not associated with HPV infection. Conclusions: Our results indicate that anal SCC rarely occurs in the absence of HPV and emphasize the predominant role of HPV16. The evaluation about genotype-specific prevalence of HPV in anal SCC is important to assess the potential benefit of HPV vaccination.

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“…Moreover, immunodeficiency in the presence of other risk factors is responsible for the increased risk of NADM, which since 2003 exceeds the annual numbers of AIDS defining cancers in US 7 . However, there have been few reports of cancer and HIV in Brazil 13,14,15,16 . Thus, the aim of this study was to report the prevalence of cancer and its associated factors among HIV-infected individuals attending an AIDS outpatient clinic in Vitória, State of Espírito Santo, Brazil.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Malignancies in HIV/AIDS patients attending an outpatient clinic in Vitória, State of Espírito Santo, Brazil

Neto

Milanez

Golub

et al. 2012

Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop.

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Introduction: The present study investigated cancer prevalence and associated factors among HIV-infected individuals attending an AIDS outpatient clinic in Vitória, State of Espírito Santo, Brazil. Methods: A sectional study was conducted among HIV infected adults attending an AIDS outpatient clinic in Vitória, State of Espírito Santo, Brazil. Demographic, epidemiological and clinical data were abstracted from medical records, including cancer diagnoses; nadir and current CD4 cell count, HIV viral load, time on antiretroviral treatment (ART), type of ART and smoking status. Results: A total of 730 (91.3%) patients were included in the study. Median age was 44.0 [interquartile range (IQR): 35–50.3] years; median time since HIV diagnosis was 5.5 years (IQR: 2–10); 60% were male; and 59% were white. Thirty (4.1%) cases of cancer were identified of which 16 (53%) were AIDS defining cancers and 14 (47%) were non-AIDS defining malignancies. Patients diagnosed with cancer presented higher chance of being tobacco users [OR 2.2 (95% CI: 1.04–6.24)]; having nadir CD4 ≤200 cells/mm3 [OR 3.0 (95% CI: 1.19–7.81)] and higher lethality [OR 13,3 (95% CI: 4,57–38,72)]. Conclusions: These results corroborate the importance of screening for and prevention of non-AIDS defining cancers focus in HIV-infected population, as these cancers presented with similar frequency as AIDS defining cancers.

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Anal cancer precursor lesions in HIV-positive and HIV-negative patients seen at a tertiary health institution in Brazil

Cited by 6 publications

References 14 publications

HIV/AIDS epidemic in the State of Amazonas: characteristics and trends from 2001 to 2012

HIV/AIDS epidemic in the State of Amazonas: characteristics and trends from 2001 to 2012

Prevalence of human papillomavirus infection in squamous cell carcinoma of the anal canal in a Northeast City in Brazil: viral genotyping and clinical aspects

Malignancies in HIV/AIDS patients attending an outpatient clinic in Vitória, State of Espírito Santo, Brazil

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