Analgesia in Equine Practice

Rowland, Samantha; Dupre, Jennifer L.

doi:10.1002/9781119421436.ch11

Cited by 1 publication

(1 citation statement)

References 38 publications

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“…The exact role of different receptors in mediating excitatory behaviours has been difficult to determine due to typically small sample sizes and wide dose ranges of existing studies. Results of clinical investigations into the effectiveness of opioid analgesia varied significantly depending on the individual horse and level of pain, with horses also showing greater variability than other species (Rowland et al, 2014). Clinical studies have also seen variations resulting from age, and some research has been conducted into the effect of some genetic variations on opioid metabolism (Knych et al, 2015; Ohta et al, 2010; Sanchez et al, 2007; Wetmore et al, 2016).…”

Section: Opioids In Equine Practicementioning

confidence: 99%

Melanocortin‐1 receptor influence in equine opioid sensitivity

Bacon

Donnelly

Finno

et al. 2022

Equine Veterinary Education

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Summary Individual variation in opioid sensitivity can have a profound impact on the safety and efficacy of equine veterinary treatments, with the ability to adequately manage equine pain in a clinical setting currently limited. This review aims to explore the overlap between biological mechanisms associated with opioid metabolism and those mechanisms associated with coat colour in horses as has been documented in humans, with particular focus on the melanocortin‐1 receptor (MC1R) gene. In the future, the use of the MC1R coat colour genotype could help to indicate variable opioid sensitivities thereby greatly improving the use of opioids in clinical settings. The MC1R gene has a well‐established role in melanogenesis and pigment switching, but involvement in the pain‐modulating periaqueductal grey (PAG) descending pathway and in immune responses, both of which contain opioid receptors, has also been suggested in humans. However, this relationship between opioid metabolism and the connection to the three known MC1R variants (EE, Ee and Eea) in horses is yet to be explored.

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