Analgesic, antipyretic and anti-inflammatory efficacy of ketorolac in the chicks

Mousa, Yaareb J.

doi:10.56093/ijans.v89i10.95003

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…The chicks were tested using an electro-stimulator (Harvard device, USA) before and after 30 minutes of treatment with each medication. The pain symptoms were indicated by a distress call in the chick model (13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19). The dosage for both medications was lowered or increased by 2 and 0.5 mg/kg of the initial dosage administered according to the presence and absence of analgesia (13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19).…”

Section: The Pharmacological Interaction Between Phenylbutazone and D...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The pain symptoms were indicated by a distress call in the chick model (13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19). The dosage for both medications was lowered or increased by 2 and 0.5 mg/kg of the initial dosage administered according to the presence and absence of analgesia (13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19). Subsequently, the ED50 values of phenylbutazone and dexamethasone combination (at a ratio of 1:1) were measured in the chicks via the isobolographic analysis (20,21).…”

Section: The Pharmacological Interaction Between Phenylbutazone and D...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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The pharmacokinetics of phenylbutazone and its interaction with dexamethasone in chicks

Abdulhamid¹,

Mousa²

2023

IJVS

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The present study aims to investigate the influence of dexamethasone administration on the pharmacokinetics of phenylbutazone and its plasma concentration as well as its pharmacological interaction in a chick model. The analgesic median effective doses (ED50s) of phenylbutazone and dexamethasone are separately evaluated as 5.60 and 0.63 mg/kg, IP, and their ED50s are estimated and reduced to 1.76 and 0.19 mg/kg, IP, respectively. The type of pharmacological interaction between phenylbutazone and dexamethasone is synergistic as determined by the isobolographic analysis. The phenylbutazone administration at 11.20 mg/kg, IP has plasma concentrations of 39.

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Section: The Pharmacological Interaction Between Phenylbutazone and D...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Pharmacological Interaction Between Phenylbutazone and D...mentioning

confidence: 99%

The pharmacokinetics of phenylbutazone and its interaction with dexamethasone in chicks

Abdulhamid¹,

Mousa²

2023

IJVS

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“…The analgesic ED 50 of ketoprofen or xylazine was assessed by the up-and-down method (10,11,12,13,14). Pain was elicited by using of hot plate apparatus (Panlab, Spain).…”

Section: Assessment Of the Analgesic Median Effective Doses (Ed 50s )...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Pharmacokinetic Criteria of Ketoprofen and its Cyclooxygenase-2 Inhibition in Mice: Influence of Xylazine Administration

Khalil

Mousa

Al-Zubaidy

2022

Macedonian Veterinary Review

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The objective of this study was to examine the effect of ketoprofen with or without combination with xylazine on the level of cyclooxygenase-2 in mice. The intraperitoneal (i.p.) dose of ketoprofen and xylazine that caused an analgesic response in half of the mouse population was 1.26 mg/kg and 6.63 mg/kg, respectively. Serum cyclooxygenase-2 concentration (activity) in the control mice was 16.94 ng/ml. The ketoprofen-treated group (2.52 mg/kg, i.p.) decreased the cyclooxygenase-2 concentration by 58% (7.16 ng/ml). The combined ketoprofen and xylazine treatment (13.26 mg/kg, i.p.) decreased the cyclooxygenase-2 by 94% (0.98 ng/ml). The ketoprofen plasma concentration in the combined treatment group was significantly higher compared to the ketoprofen treatment group. Ketoprofen plasma concentrations measured at 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2, 4, and 24 hours were 19.07, 18.94, 14.66, 6.53, 5.44, and 5.54 µg/ml, respectively. Plasma concentrations of ketoprofen and xylazine were raised to 28.74, 29.74, 15.32, 13.04, 14.64, and 11.95 µg/ml or by 51%, 56%, 5%, 100%, 169%, and 116%, respectively. Ketoprofen pharmacokinetic variables were increased (AUC0-∞ (515%), AUMC0-∞ (2389%), MRT (305%), t1/2β (375%), Tmax (100%), and Cmax (55%)), while other values were decreased (Kel (79%), Vss (25%), and Cl (88%)). Our findings suggested a synergistic interaction between ketoprofen and xylazine on the level of cyclooxygenase-2 (pharmacodynamic interaction) which was exerted by modification of the ketoprofen pharmacokinetic properties in mice.

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Pharmacokinetics of ketorolac in juvenile loggerhead sea turtles (Caretta caretta) after a single intramuscular injection

Gregory

Harms

Gorges

et al. 2021

Vet Pharm & Therapeutics

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Ketorolac is a non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drug administered as an analgesic in humans. It has analgesic effects comparable to opioids but without adverse effects such as respiratory depression or restrictions because of controlled drug status. We designed this study to examine the potential of ketorolac as an analgesic for sea turtle rehabilitative medicine. Our objective was to determine the pharmacokinetics of a single 0.25 mg/kg intramuscular dose of ketorolac in a population of 16 captive‐raised juvenile loggerhead sea turtles (Caretta caretta). A sparse sampling protocol was utilized, and blood samples were collected for 12 hours after administration of ketorolac. Samples were analyzed with high‐pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC), and a nonlinear mixed effects model (NLME) was used to determine parameters for the population. With these methods, we identified a long elimination half‐life (βT1/2 = 11.867 hr) but a low maximum concentration (CMAX = 0.508 µg/mL) and concentrations were below the level proposed to be therapeutic in humans (EC50 = 0.1–0.3 μg/mL) for most of the collection period. We conclude that ketorolac may not be an appropriate long‐term analgesic for use in loggerhead sea turtles at this dose; however, it may have some benefit as a short‐term analgesic.

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Analgesic, antipyretic and anti-inflammatory efficacy of ketorolac in the chicks

Cited by 4 publications

References 25 publications

The pharmacokinetics of phenylbutazone and its interaction with dexamethasone in chicks

The pharmacokinetics of phenylbutazone and its interaction with dexamethasone in chicks

Pharmacokinetic Criteria of Ketoprofen and its Cyclooxygenase-2 Inhibition in Mice: Influence of Xylazine Administration

Pharmacokinetics of ketorolac in juvenile loggerhead sea turtles (Caretta caretta) after a single intramuscular injection

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