ANALISA KAPASITANSI SPESIFIK ELEKTRODA KARBON SUPERKAPASITOR dari KAYU KARET terhadap LAJU SCAN BERDASARKAN VARIASI AKTIVASI HNO3

Abstract

AbstrakVariasi kapasitansi spesifik elektroda karbon superkapasitor dari kayu karet terhadap laju scan telah berhasil dianalisa. Pembuatan elektroda karbon meliputi proses pemotongan, pengeringan, karbonisasi, aktivasi, pemolesan dan penetralan. Aktivasi dilakukan secara bertingkat meliputi aktivasi fisika dan kimia. Aktivasi fisika dilakukan menggunakan gas CO2 pada suhu 850 °C selama 2 jam. Sedangkan aktivasi kimia dilakukan dua tahap yaitu dengan 3M KOH kemudian diteruskan dengan aktivasi HNO3 menggunakan variasi konsentrasi sebesar 5%, 15% dan 25%. Pengukuran sel superkapasitor dilakukan dengan metode siklis voltammetri pada laju scan 1 -100 mV/s dalam larutan elektrolit 1M H2SO4.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai kapasitansi spesifik mengalami penurunan secara eksponensial seiring dengan penambahan laju scan. Laju scan 1 mV/s menghasilkan kapasitansi spesifik tertinggi dan terendah sebesar 81,82 F g-1dan 10,44 F g-1, sedangkan pada laju scan 100 mV/s menghasilkan kapasitansi spesifik tertinggi dan terendah sebesar 19,67 F g-1 dan 4,66 F g-1, masingmasing untuk variasi HNO3 sebesar 25% dan 5%. Hasil pengujian SEM memperlihatkan elektroda karbon memiliki struktur pori yang seragam dan pengujian ED-X menunjukkan persentase unsur karbon tertinggi sebesar 92,53% terdapat pada sampel dengan variasi HNO3 25%. Kata-kata kunci: Superkapasitor, Kapasitansi Spesifik, Laju Scan AbstractSpecific capacitance variation of carbon electrode supercapacitor from rubber wood against scan rate have been successfully analyzed. Fabrication of carbon electrode includes cutting, drying carbonization, activation, polishing and neutralization. Activation was carried out in multi-step process covering the physical and chemical activation. Physical activation was performed by using CO2 gas at a temperature of 850 °C for 2 hour, while the chemical activation process was done by combination of 3M KOH and HNO3 using a variation of concentrations as high as 5%, 15% and 25%. Supercapacitor cell measurements was performed using a cyclic voltammetry method at a scan rate of 1 -100 mV/s in electrolyte solution of 1M H2SO4. The results showed that specific capacitance value decreased with exponentially in the increasing of a scan rate. The highest of specific capacitance values of 81.82 F g-1 and 10.44 F g-1 at a scan rate of 1 mV/s, while at the scan rate of 100 mV/s found the lowest of 19.67 F g-1 and 4.66 F g-1 for HNO3 variation of 25% and 5%, respectively. The SEM data showed that the carbon electrode have a hierarchical pore structure and the ED-X result found that highest percentage of carbon element as high as 92.53% at sample with a variation of 25% HNO3.

Synthesis and Electrochemical Characterization of Sodium-Ion Battery Anode Carbon Biomassa Based on Sunflower Seed Husk (Helianthus annuus)

“…In this study, half-cell testing was conducted to assess the sodium-ion performance of the coin cell, utilizing hard carbon material as the anode. The resulting curve in the cyclic voltammetry method exhibits a characteristic hysteresis shape, where a broader curve indicates a higher capacitance value [17]. A comparison between the performance of commercial hard carbon material and synthesized hard carbon from dwarf as the anode will be carried out.…”

Karakteristik Karbon Aktif Limbah Kulit Lada (Piper Nigrum L) sebagai Elektroda Superkapasitor

“…Berdasarkan kurva voltammogram pada Gambar 4, kenaikan laju scan mengakibatkan daerah potensial yang semakin lebar. Hal ini dikarenakan tingginya laju scan mengindikasikaan bahwa ion-ion tidak menyebar ke pori-pori karbon yang menyebabkan difusi ion hanya terjadi di permukaan elektroda, sedangkan laju scan yang semakin rendah maka ion memiliki cukup waktu untuk terdifusi hingga pori meso dan mikro elektroda [19].…”

Nanocarbon from Rice Straw as Supercapacitor Electrode

“…Many efforts has been done to increase the value of capacitance of electrode like increase the surface area using activation. Erman Taer et.al (2016) did a research using rubber tree as raw material of supercapacitor electrode using KOH, NaOH and ZnCl2 as activator, and the result shows that activator substance affect the capacitance produced [5]. The research about rice straw as supercapacitor electrode is conducted by Sudhan Nagarajan et.al (2016) using KOH as activator [6].…”