Analisa Peran Pengawas Minum Obat (PMO) Dalam Mendampingi Pasien Tuberkulosis di Kota Kupang

Abstract

Kupang City ranks first out of 22 districts/cities with TB cases. Most cases were in 2017, namely 767 cases, while in 2018 cases were decresing to 645 cases. Although data shows a decrease in the number of cases, the success rate of TB in Kupang City in the last two years (85% in 2017 and 81% in 2018) has not yet reached the target of the NTT Provincial Health Office Strategic Plan, which is 90%. TB patients in NTT have PMO availability of 63.3%, this shows that PMO availability is in the quite good category. However, Riskesdas data shows that TB patients in NTT still do not take medication regularly and there is a problem with withdrawal. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to describe the role of supervisors taking medication for tuberculosis patients. Methods: This study uses descriptive qualitative methods. The type of data collected in this study is primary data. The study was conducted on six participants for the data collection process. The participants were five PMOs and one nurse as data triangulation. Results: From the results of this study, it was found the role of PMO in assisting TB patients with the theory of holistic care by Madeleine Leininger, namely: knowledge of PMO; the role of PMO as a companion for TB patients; the role of PMO in preventing transmission and treatment of TB patients; the role of PMO utilizing of health insurance; the role of PMOs in pursuing alternative medicine; the PMO's role in engaging with others to provide support; the role of the PMO in seeking spiritual support; the role of the PMO in finding reliable information sources; the role of health workers in facilitating OAT availability; the role of PMO in utilizing technology. Conclusion: PMO cannot do its job optimally if PMO has few knowledges of TB disease. On the other hand, if the PMO has plenty knowledge of TB disease, PMO will perform its role optimally.

Cultural factors and family behavior in preventing the transmission of TB in The Nusa Tenggara Region, Indonesia

“…The belief that connects TB disease with mystical things and genetic inheritance leads families to use traditional medicine (Maneze et al, 2015). This is further supported by the lack of knowledge identified in most articles (Andriani et al, 2020;Bukan et al, 2020;Fretes et al, 2021;Galyubi et al, 2021;Yosephina Elizabeth Sumartini Gunawan, 2019;Lay et al, 2020;Palele et al, 2022;Widiasari et al, 2020).…”

“…People prefer to self-medicate or traditional medicine compared than seek treatment in health facilities. Treatment in health facilities is only carried out when symptoms worsen and/or if self-medication and traditional medicine do not provide significant changes (Bukan et al, 2020;Fretes et al, 2021;Lay et al, 2020).…”

“…The identified lack of knowledge covers several things related to TB disease and the concept of health and illness. This was mainly found in groups of individuals with low levels of education (Andriani et al, 2020;Bukan et al, 2020;Fretes et al, 2021;Galyubi et al, 2021;Lay et al, 2020;Nugroho et al, 2020;Palele et al, 2022). Regarding health illness, people view illness as when the conditions experienced cause them to be powerless to carry out activities.…”

“…This negative perception underlies the public to prefer to treat their illness at home by buying over-the-counter drugs and waiting for the symptoms to disappear. Negative perceptions impact delaying treatment and negatively impact the continuity of the treatment being carried out (Fretes et al, 2021;Khadka et al, 2022).…”

“…From the results of the analysis of the identified articles, various levels of knowledge were found in the articles analyzed, including poor knowledge (Bukan et al, 2020;Fretes et al, 2021;Galyubi et al, 2021;Palele et al, 2022;Widiasari et al, 2020) and good knowledge (Andriani et al, 2020;Lay et al, 2020;Nugroho et al, 2020). Lack of knowledge in families, especially regarding symptoms and causes (Bukan et al, 2020;Fretes et al, 2021;Widiasari et al, 2020), prevention of events, and transmission (Galyubi et al, 2021;Palele et al, 2022).…”