Análise da difusão de carros elétricos sob a ótica da Gestão das Transições

Abstract

Os carros elétricos estão sendo utilizados como aliados na busca pela mitigação das mudanças climáticas, poluição do ar local e segurança energética. Dessa maneira, ganha relevância o entendimento do processo e das estratégias utilizadas para a difusão dessa tecnologia inovadora em diferentes países. Diante do exposto, o objetivo do trabalho é a analisar a dinâmica do processo de difusão de carros elétricos em países com maior representatividade no setor e, por meio da ótica de Gestão das Transições, compreender quais ações impactam na difusão. Para isso, utilizou-se o modelo matemático de Bass associado a Dinâmica de Sistemas, a partir de séries históricas de 2005 a 2018.

The Electric Vehicle Market in Brazil: A Systematic Literature Review of Factors Influencing Purchase Decisions

“…An EV consists of a battery that provides energy, a motor that drives the wheels, and a controller that regulates the flow of energy; it can be considered promising for the use of renewable energies with extremely low carbon emissions [43]. Another advantage that can be highlighted refers to the use of its battery as an energy resource, making these vehicles intelligent solutions for better use of energy, obtaining better efficiency from their engines [44]. (See Figure 1).…”

“…Hybrid vehicles operate with an internal combustion engine in conjunction with an electric motor, which increases the vehicle's range and reduces emissions, while battery electric vehicles have an exclusively electric motor, consuming electrical energy stored in a battery [45]. With regard to charging stations, which can be known as electroposts, charging points, or electric vehicle supply equipment (EVSE) or electric vehicle charging station (EVCS), these stations are responsible for supplying electricity to recharge the batteries [44]. These points include connectors, wires, accessories, and other associated equipment that are connected to the inputs of EVs and provide electricity to charge the vehicle batteries [46].…”

“…With regard to charging stations, which can be known as electroposts, charging points, or electric vehicle supply equipment (EVSE) or electric vehicle charging station (EVCS), these stations are responsible for supplying electricity to recharge the batteries [44]. These points include connectors, wires, accessories, and other associated equipment that are connected to the inputs of EVs and provide electricity to charge the vehicle batteries [46].…”

“…In view of all these regulatory aspects, together with energy efficiency factors and climate issues, Brazil is increasingly looking for cleaner and more efficient vehicles. However, several technical challenges and barriers are emerging to the greater inclusion of these vehicles in the Brazilian fleet [44].…”

“…However, despite the existence of a wide variety of vehicle models on the Brazilian market, the costs are still borne only by classes A and B. Compared to the rest of the world, Brazil still offers few incentives and subsidies to encourage the adoption of EVs [44]. Research conducted in 2018 by the Energy Research Company (EPE) on the future of electric mobility in Brazil served as a basis for government decision-making [66].…”