Análise da resistência de couros de ovino ½ Poll Dorset ½ Santa Inês submetido a duas técnicas de curtimento

Abstract

Este trabalho teve como objetivo analisar a resistência do couro da pele de ovinos ½ Poll Dorset ½ Santa Inês. Foram utilizadas 20 peles distribuídas em delineamento inteiramente casualizado, em fatorial 2x2x2, constituído de duas técnicas de curtimento (Trat1=com sais de cromo. Trat2= sem sais de cromo), duas regiões de couro (R1=dorsal; R2=ventral) e dois sentidos de couro (S1= longitudinal; S2= transversal). Nos couros curtidos sem cromo a resistência à tração (9,48 KgF) foi menor (p<0,05) quando comparado aos couros curtidos com cromo (13,38 KgF). A região ventral (6,13 KgF) apresentou maior resistência ao rasgamento progressivo (p<0,05) em relação à dorsal (4,75 KgF) quando curtido com sais de cromo. Para a mesma variável, os couros curtidos ao cromo apresentaram médias superiores (p<0,05) em ambas as regiões (R1=4,75 KgF, R2= 6,13 KgF) quando comparados aos sem cromo (R1= 3,46 KgF; R2= 3,64 KgF). Os couros, independente da técnica, apresentaram maior alongamento no sentido transversal. Com sais de cromo proporciona maior resistência ao rasgamento na região ventral comparada à dorsal. Todavia, o uso de taninos vegetais possibilitou a obtenção de couros com resistência dentro do padrão exigido para vestuário. Sendo uma alternativa a mais de curtimento proporcionando menor impacto ambiental.

Extracción y aplicación de taninos de la almendra de mango (Mangifera indica) como curtiente para la piel ovina Santa Inés (Ovis aries)

“…This indicates that these leathers are suitable for use as shoe linings, meeting the minimum requirements for tear resistance established in the standard (35,39). On the other hand, Oliveira et al (21)…”

“…For these treatments, the tanning concentrations 50/50 vs 70/30 (% v/v) were evaluated, being the values for the parallel direction cut of 12,7 MPa and 11,3 MPa and for the perpendicular direction cut the values of 7,3 MPa and 10,5 MPa, respectively. These differences in tensile strength in the parallel and perpendicular shear types may be due to the fact that sheep skin has a lower content of collagen fibers and, therefore, tends to be less thick in the bending areas, such as the belly and neck (21). doi: 10.25100/iyc.v26i1.13275…”

“…On the other hand, sheep production in the country has traditionally been marginal and artisanal in nature, with regionalized production where consumption is of a cultural nature (19), developing mainly artisanal products and informal marketing (20), in which meat production stands out, being part of the subsistence of families in rural areas (20,21). The main sheep breeds are the Katahdin, Santa Inés, Pelibuey, Dorset, Dorper, and Hampshire, which are used for having better productive yields compared to the native animals (22).…”

“…Although sheep production is growing, there are still several challenges to overcome, such as poor management by producers, the level of training of many sheep breeders, low investment in research, development of new products and lack of adequate training, together with scarce and inadequate infrastructure for slaughter (19). This situation results in a deficient technological level in terms of handling the conservation and storage of skins (21).…”