Análise de fadiga em próteses odontológicas implanto-suportada sob carregamento multiaxiais.

Abstract

Dental prostheses are structures that restore the masticatory function and replace damaged dental components. Most studies on dental prostheses involve that classical analytical methods of structure analysis are infeasible and situations in which experimentation is difficult. These prostheses, under real conditions of cyclic loading (chewing), are repeatedly subjected to cyclic multiaxial stress states. In this sense, the cyclical nature of the loading, to which the components of the prosthesis are submitted, suggests that the fatigue failure mode has greater relevance in this type of structure. The development of computation and the increase of processing capacities have allowed greater implementation of numerical methods, such as Finite Element Methods (FEM). Through this method (FEM) it is performed the modeling of the mechanical behavior which is adjusted to the physical reality of the involved biomechanical factors. In a bibliographical review, it was verified that most of the books and articles found do not present detailed information about the prediction of life based on analyzes of multiaxial fatigue that use the FEM to calculate the dental prostheses. The objective of this research was to propose a computational numerical model using the FEM to evaluate the life to the fatigue in dental prostheses submitted to multiaxial loads. For this, we used the manipulation of acquired images, normative experimental tests, Finite Element analysis (FEA) in the prediction of life to the fatigue applied in either uniaxial or multiaxial loading, the counting of the fatigue damage in multiaxial amplitude variable loading, optimization and implementation of the subroutine for the APDL-MATLAB interfaces. The results showed that, through the techniques of image data acquisition (Micro-CT) and mechanical measurements combined with numerical methods, it is possible to model a complex structure such as a dental prosthesis.