Análise Morfológica e Ultra-estrutural do Coração do Lobo-Marinho-do-Sul (Arctocephus australis, Zimmermann, 1783)

Guimarães, Juliana Plácido

doi:10.11606/t.10.2009.tde-03122010-105433

Cited by 3 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…A anatomia do coração, incluindo seu tamanho e formato, varia entre as diferentes espécies animais e entre os indivíduos (DYCE et al, 2004;GUIMARÃES, 2009). O coração do P. cancrivorus tem a forma de um cone alongado e é constituído por quatro câmaras (dois átrios e dois ventrículos) direitas e esquerdas, como nos animais domésticos (cão e gato) e nos silvestres como paca e lobo-marinho-do-sul.…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

“…O cone arterioso, situado junto à base do tronco pulmonar, se mostra bem delimitado nos canídeos enquanto que nos felídeos não é proeminente (ROWLATT, 1990;GUIMARÃES, 2009 (ÀVILA et al, 2010).…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

“…O coração está localizado no mediastino. É cônico, com sua base dirigida dorsalmente e o ápice voltado para o esterno, situando-se assimetricamente no tórax, com sua maior parte (cerca de 60%) à esquerda do plano mediano (GETTY, 1986;DYCE et al, 2004;GUIMARÃES, 2009;KÖNIG;LIEBICH, 2016).…”

Section: Murta 2003)unclassified

“…Este se apresenta dorsalmente ligado aos grandes vasos da base do coração, une-se ao osso esterno pelo ligamento esternopericárdio (ruminantes e equinos) e ao diafragma pelo ligamento frenopericárdio (carnívoros e suínos) (GETTY, 1986;DYCE et al, 2004;KÖNIG;LIEBICH, 2016;GUIMARÃES, 2009). …”

Section: Murta 2003)unclassified

“…O sulco paraconal (esquerdo) segue junto à face cranial do coração; já o sulco subsinuoso (direito) segue junto à face caudal; ambos conduzem vasos que acompanham as margens do septo interventricular e, juntos, revelam a disposição assimétrica dos ventrículos (DYCE et al, 2004;KÖNIG;LIEBICH, 2016;GUIMARÃES, 2009). …”

Section: Murta 2003)unclassified

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DESCRIÇÕES ANATÔMICAS DO CORAÇÃO E VASOS DA BASE DE Procyon cancrivorus (CUVIER, 1798)

et al. 2017

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O mão-pelada (Procyon cancrivorus) é um carnívoro silvestre, encontrado principalmente na Costa Rica, Bolívia, Colômbia, Guiana, Peru, Suriname, Venezuela, Trinidad e Tobago, Panamá, Uruguai, nordeste da Argentina e em todos os biomas do território brasileiro. Conhecido como guaxinim, mão-pelada ou rato lavador têm a peculiaridade de mergulhar na água tudo o que come. Possui hábito noturno e crepuscular, escalador arborícola e terrícola, habitante de áreas arbustivas, preferencialmente próximas a cursos de água, é um bom nadador com ótimas habilidades para cavar, escalar e tem vida solitária. Objetivo foi descrever a morfologia do coração e vasos da base de mão pelada. Foram utilizados três corações de Procyon, provenientes de coletas em rodovias, vítimas de atropelamentos. Para a observação das estruturas do coração, foi realizado o arrebatamento da pele, músculos e a retirada das costelas. Depois de exposto o coração, foi feita a retirada do pericárdio fibroso e seroso para melhor visualização das estruturas, expondo assim o coração e vasos da base. O coração do mão pelada é constituído por quatro câmaras: dois átrios e dois ventrículos. Na face anterior de cada átrio existe uma estrutura enrugada, em forma de saco, chamada aurícula. Semelhante ao coração dos animais domésticos e silvestres, o coração do mão pelada apresenta seio venoso, valvas atrioventriculares, músculos papilares e cordas tendíneas. No átrio direito, desemboca as veias cavas cranial e caudal. No ventrículo esquerdo foi observada a veia cardíaca magna, que faz a drenagem sanguínea no coração. O átrio esquerdo juntamente com sua aurícula está situado atrás do átrio direito. As artérias coronárias originam diretamente da aorta e o arco da aorta é formado pela aorta ascendente, onde se encontra o tronco braquiocefálico e a artéria subclávia. As estruturas estudadas foram comparadas com os carnívoros domésticos, como o cão e gato, e com alguns animais silvestres, onde constatou grande similaridade entre estes carnívoros.

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Section: Resultsunclassified

Section: Murta 2003)unclassified

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DESCRIÇÕES ANATÔMICAS DO CORAÇÃO E VASOS DA BASE DE Procyon cancrivorus (CUVIER, 1798)

et al. 2017

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External macroscopic anatomy of the Bradypus variegatus heart

Albuquerque

Mesquita

Alcântara

et al. 2022

Arq. Bras. Med. Vet. Zootec.

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The sloth is known for its slow movements and arboreal habits. Most parts of its anatomy need yet to be unveiled, in order to understand the peculiarities that justify its behavior. In this sense, an investigation of the external characteristics of the heart of the three-toed sloth, Bradypus variegatus, was carried out to indicate the shape, the faces, the dimensions, the topography, and the coating of this organ. For this purpose, fifteen corpses destined for dissection and four healthy specimens were used to carry out thorax digital x-ray. Based on the obtained results, it was noticed that the heart of the species in question presents conical shape, situated obliquely in the mediastinum, is displaced to the left and has latero-lateral slight flattening. Among the animals, discrepancies were found in the organ skeletopy, which presents the tapered apex and the base, in which the large vessels can be observed, whose arrangements also proved to be variables. The heart presents faces (right and left), margins (cranial and caudal) and is surrounded by the pericardium, which gives off two ligaments, sternopericardial and phrenico pericardial. Its size is proportional to the age and length of the individual, with measurements, in general, slightly larger in males.

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Internal Macroscopic Anatomy and Electrical Evaluation of the Bradypus variegatus Heart

Albuquerque

Ferri

Braz

et al. 2021

Acta Scientiae. Vet.

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Background: The Bradypus variegatus species presents peculiar anatomophysiological properties and many aspects of its organic systems still need to be clarified, especially regarding the cardiovascular system, given its participation in vital activities. Disorderly anthropic action has had drastic consequences in sloth populations and the need to treat sick and injured animals is increasingly common. To this end, the importance of knowing its characteristics is emphasized. Therefore, this study proposed to describe the internal macroscopic structures of the sloth's heart, as well as to measure the ventricular walls and indicate the electrical activity of the organ.Materials, Methods and Results: For the dissections, 15 Bradypus variegatus cadavers were used (1 young female, 9 adults females and 5 adult males) belonging to the Área de Anatomia of the Departamento de Morfologia e Fisiologia Animal (DMFA), Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco (UFRPE), Recide, PE, Brazil. After they were fixed and preserved, the specimens received a midsagittal incision in the chest, followed by soft tissue folding and removal of ribs to access the heart. The organ was derived from the cavity and sectioned sagittal medially to identify its internal anatomy. Ventricular walls and interventricular septum were measured with a steel caliper (150 mm / 0.02 mm). An electrocardiogram was performed to determine the electrical profile on 5 healthy B. variegatus sloths, living under semi-livestock conditions at the Recife Zoo, PE, Brazil. The electrodes were taken from the regions, scapular and glutes of the animals that were called hugging a keeper during the procedure, carried out in the Zoo itself, using a portable device. Based on the data obtained, sloths have cardiac chambers separated by septa, however between atria and ventricles, in both antimeres, there are atrioventricular ostia, where valves are found, consisting of 3 valves on the right and 2 on the left. The atria are practically smooth inside and have their cavity enlarged by the atria, the right being larger than the left, these having a greater amount of pectineal muscles in relation to the atria. The ventricles have trabeculae and papillary muscles, 3 on the right and 2 on the left. These muscles hold the tendinous chords that connect the valves. The existence of trabeculae marginal septum was not evidenced. The thickness of the wall of the left ventricle, as well as that of the interventricular septum, proved to be greater than the thickness of the wall of the right ventricle, regardless of the age or sex of the animals. Based on the electrocardiographic recordings, the sloths presented sinus rhythm, with a heart rate between 67 and 100 bpm. The electrical axis ranged from -60º to -90º. The P wave is smoother than the QRS complex. While the S-T segment was classified as isoelectric. The T wave was shown to be + and predominantly > or = at 25% of the S wave, which characterized an rS type QRS deflection in both females and males.Discussion: The general characteristics of the cardiac chambers in sloths are similar to those observed in other domestic and wild mammals. However, the presence of pectineal muscles associated with the atria and auricles differs from that observed in mammals such as the paca and raccoon and in birds such as the ostrich, which have trabecular structures in these cavities. The number of valves in sloths is equal to the anteater. However, it has a marginal trabeculae septum, not seen in Bradypus variegatus. According to the electrocardiographic findings, the rhythm was sinus, but much lower than that observed in the capuchin monkey, which also maintains arboreal habits. Keywords: Xenarthra, common sloth, internal anatomy, heart, electrocardiogram.Descritores: Xenarthra, preguiça-comum, anatomia interna, coração, eletrocardiograma.

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Análise Morfológica e Ultra-estrutural do Coração do Lobo-Marinho-do-Sul (Arctocephus australis, Zimmermann, 1783)

Cited by 3 publications

References 24 publications

DESCRIÇÕES ANATÔMICAS DO CORAÇÃO E VASOS DA BASE DE Procyon cancrivorus (CUVIER, 1798)

DESCRIÇÕES ANATÔMICAS DO CORAÇÃO E VASOS DA BASE DE Procyon cancrivorus (CUVIER, 1798)

External macroscopic anatomy of the Bradypus variegatus heart

Internal Macroscopic Anatomy and Electrical Evaluation of the Bradypus variegatus Heart

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