Análise térmica de coberturas verdes aplicadas em contêineres

Abstract

With global population growth, environmental problems have gained importance. Due to lack of housing in large urban centers, numerous housing estates are erected, as a consequence, green areas have ceased to be part of the landscape in the cities, resulting in high rates of pollution, floods and thermal discomfort for people. In this scenario, the use of roofs and green walls in buildings have stood out as a sustainable solution. Regarding housing problems, a solution that has had repercussions in recent years refers to the use of maritime containers as a sustainable alternative in construction. The proposal to unify these two solutions emerges, using green coatings in buildings built from the reuse of containers. Following this trend, the scientific community has studied the thermal performance of green roofs around the world, however, applied to other types of buildings. In order to analyze the energy performance of the green roof components, the present work evaluated the influence of the substrate thickness of vegetation cover applied in containers, from the instrumentation of experimental modules developed for the research. Indoor and outdoor air temperatures, between layers and soil moisture were monitored with data storage at the site using electronic boards produced exclusively for this work and solar radiation levels were monitored from an automatic meteorological station near the region. It was concluded that, on hot days, there is a significant influence of the substrate thickness in relation to the heat fluxes through the green cover, impacting on the surface temperatures of the ceiling and the internal air. It was verified that between the evaluated configurations, there can be a difference of up to 29% in the variations of the internal air temperature and this can help minimize the thermal load gains for the building. The study also revealed particular thermal behavior in relation to the temperature gradients of the cover compared to researchs done with conventional buildings.