Analisis Daya Saing Kopi Indonesia dalam Menghadapi Perdagangan Kopi Dunia

Abstract

Indonesia is the fourth largest coffee producer in the world after Brazil, Vietnam and Colombia. However, in the period 2018-2021 the value of Indonesian coffee exports decreased in line with the low volume of Indonesian coffee exports that year when compared to the previous period so that Indonesia's position fell from fourth to fifth as a coffee exporter in the world. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct research that aims to analyze the competitiveness of Indonesian coffee in the period 2011-2021 using the Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA) analysis, Dynamic Revealed Comparative Advantage (DRCA), and Trade Specialization Index (ISP). The results showed that there was a decline in the competitiveness of Indonesian coffee in the international market, even though Indonesia is currently at the maturity stage. One of the efforts to respond to this problem is to strengthen the development of Indonesian coffee agribusiness which is integrated and collaborates with each other between its subsystems by paying special attention to coffee farmers.

Indonesia's Rubber Exports to the United States

“…Based on the results of the RCA calculation, Indonesian coffee has competitiveness in the world market, indicated by a positive RCA value in the period 2011 to 2021. However, when compared to its competitor countries, Indonesia is still in the weak competitive category because in 2018-2021 the RCA value tends to decrease when compared to 2017 which was at 6.00 (Amanda & Rosiana, 2023). This illustrates that Indonesian coffee is still weakly competitive in the international market.…”

Analisis Ekspor Kelapa dan Produk Olahan Kelapa Indonesia di Pasar Uni Eropa: Pendekatan Indeks Spesialisasi Perdagangan

“…Analisis ISP minyak kelapa mentah Indonesia di negara Jerman tahun 2015 hingga 2016 sebesar 1, artinya Indonesia merupakan negara pengeskpor utama di negara tersebut dan berada pada tahap kematangan atau berdaya saing kuat. (Amanda, 2023) menyatakan tingginya nilai ISP menunjukkan komoditas tersebut berada pada tahap sangat matang dan mengindikasikan Indonesia sebagai negara net exporter sesuai standarisasi teknologi yang dimiliki. Namun pada tahun 2019 nilai ISP yang diperoleh sebesar -1, yang artinya minyak kelapa mentah Indonesia di negara Jerman mempunyai daya saing yang semakin melemah dibanding tahun-tahun sebelumnya dan Indonesia bukan lagi menjadi pengekspor utama minyak kelapa mentah di negara Jerman.…”