Análisis de ciclo de vida simplificado aplicado a viviendas de paneles SIP (structural insulated panels)

Abstract

As environmental issues become increasingly important, the buildings have focused on energy efficiency and energy needed for the construction and production of material. This research shows a simplified life cycle analysis study of operational and embodied energy of four new houses located in Temuco-Chile, structured with SIP (Structural insulated panel), in order to quantify the energy at each stage of this construction system. To obtain embodied energy were used two international databases in order to quantify the energy of each material, and the energy contained in the process relating with structure SIP was determined through measures in a company specializing in SIP construction. For the operational energy, computational models were carried out with Design Builder software, and this energy was projected at 50 years lifespan. The analysis of the data obtained show that the energy contained by construction processes represents about 1.7% of embodied energy, while the total embodied energy represents 11% of the total life cycle energy of houses, the remaining 89% represents the energy of occupation. On the other hand, we observe that SIP houses generate figures close to 60% savings in energy demand, compared to a masonry houses commonly built in this city.

The Effects of Tourism Architecture on Island Ecosystems

“…The lifecycle analysis which is one of the most accurate methods of environmental assessment focused on the sustainability of products, processes and services and saving materials and energy from various aspects identified in diagnostics or inventories and assessment of the potential impact of actions or activities that cause such impact. It is raised by several authors [7] [8] that there are many methodologies proposed in articles that aim to overcome the existing prejudices of architects and engineers on the complexity of the LCA. This LCA methodology can analyze the overall environmental impact during the life of a building [9].…”

“…However, the assessment of the environmental impact of the construction technologies is a complex process given that there are many elements involved, combined in different operations and stages throughout its life. Although the analysis of the life cycles can be broken down into many more for the purposes of evaluating the effects of architectural projects in this work it is sufficient to use the following four cycles [7]:  Cycle 1 Projects: includes all the indicators and activities involved in planning where conceptual designs with the loads of tourists and employees are planned, the urbanizations and the infrastructure, the geological investigations and others, as well as all activities of the architectural project up to the final stage. This cycle is the most important in the evaluation of a project [7].…”

“…Although the analysis of the life cycles can be broken down into many more for the purposes of evaluating the effects of architectural projects in this work it is sufficient to use the following four cycles [7]:  Cycle 1 Projects: includes all the indicators and activities involved in planning where conceptual designs with the loads of tourists and employees are planned, the urbanizations and the infrastructure, the geological investigations and others, as well as all activities of the architectural project up to the final stage. This cycle is the most important in the evaluation of a project [7]. In the cycle of projects environmental factors suffer changes related to the protected area proposed as a national park; the beach and the chains of fossil dunes; as well as the vegetation complexes of a sandy coast, xeromorphic scrub, ever green microphyll forest, the habitats of endemic wild life such as birds, fish, mollusks, amongst others [9].…”

“…In the cycle of projects environmental factors suffer changes related to the protected area proposed as a national park; the beach and the chains of fossil dunes; as well as the vegetation complexes of a sandy coast, xeromorphic scrub, ever green microphyll forest, the habitats of endemic wild life such as birds, fish, mollusks, amongst others [9].  Cycle 2 Construction: includes all activities carried out in a work from the preparation of temporary facilities for workers, earth works, foundations, structures and finishes, exterior areas and ground and gardening, to the point of delivery to the tour operator [7]. During the second stage of construction, primary and secondary effects occur in the climate and environmental well-being; in geomorphology and geology of the cumulative plain and marine; in the complexes of sandy shoreline vegetation, xeromorphic scrub and ever green microphyll forest; wild life habitats, mainly in the floristic plateau, mangroves and lagoon systems in the southern border; in the structure, and uniqueness of the natural landscape, which becomes more critical with the proximity of areas of technical services (elevated tank, power plant, etc.…”

Contribuição do BIM no processo de quantificação de CO2 no projeto de edificações: estudo de caso com o software Autodesk Revit

“…As atividades construtivas potencializam, tanto um efeito econômico e social, como um efeito ambiental, pois estão associadas à ocupação e ao uso do solo, ao consumo de recursos naturais, à produção em larga escala de resíduos e efluentes líquidos e gasosos e à alteração dos ecossistemas naturais (PINHEIRO, 2006). As constantes modificações dos espaços, tais como diminuição de áreas permeáveis, aumento das temperaturas locais, poluição atmosférica, exercem um importante papel no aumento do consumo de recursos naturais e geração de resíduos (CÁRDENAS et al, 2015).…”