Análisis de indicadores epidemiológicos: Brucelosis bovina en la Costa Atlántica y Antioquia - Colombia, 2005-2013

Abstract

Objective. Describe the situation of the bovine brucellosis in the Atlantic Coast and Antioquia (CAA) by analysis of epidemiological indicators during [2005][2006][2007][2008][2009][2010][2011][2012][2013]. Materials and methods. The data was obtained from epidemiological reports of the Colombian Agricultural Institute and the National Agricultural Census 2014. The annual departmental average of the variables studied was compared and it was performed a temporal analysis through graphical representation. Results. 44% of the positive farms were focused on the CAA; the positivity rate of farms in the CAA (27.9%) was higher and statistically significant when related to the average rate in the country (24.8%) being promoted by the least producing departments. Regarding to the cattle population, the CAA concentrated 47.0% of positive cattle in the country; however, the bovine positivity rate (5.8%) was statistically equal to the national average (5.3%); yet, the departments with lower cattle population had the highest rates. The best surveillance for bovine brucellosis was observed between 2005 and 2009, in contrast, during 2010, 2011 and 2013 there was a considerable reduction in the number of diagnoses, in both farms and cattle. In the least producing departments the temporary distribution of epidemiological indicators favored more the presence of the disease. Conclusions. The National Prevention Control and Eradication Program of Bovine Brucellosis in the CAA presented promising results, however, the lack of continuity in the diagnostic surveillance during some years and mainly in the least producing departments affected negatively their development.Keywords: Bovine, Brucella abortus, epidemiological surveillance, prevalence (Fuente: DeSC). RESUMENObjetivo. Describir la situación de la brucelosis bovina en la Costa Atlántica y Antioquia (CAA) mediante análisis de indicadores epidemiológicos durante el periodo 2005 -2013. Materiales y métodos. Los datos fueron obtenidos de boletines epidemiológicos del Instituto Colombiano Agropecuario y del Censo Nacional Agropecuario 2014. Se comparó la media departamental anual de las variables estudiadas y se realizó un análisis temporal por representación gráfica. Resultados. 44% de los predios positivos se concentraron en la CAA; la tasa de positividad de predios en la CAA (27.9%) fue mayor y altamente significativa en relación a la tasa media del país (24.8%) siendo promovida por los departamentos menos productores. En relación a la población bovina, la CAA concentró 47,0% de los bovinos positivos en el país; no obstante, la tasa de positividad bovina (5.8%) fue estadísticamente igual a la media del país (5.3%), los departamentos con menor población bovina presentaron las mayores tasas. La mejor vigilancia para brucelosis bovina se observó entre 2005 y 2009, contrariamente, durante DOI: 10.21897/rmvz.1073 6035 2010, 2011 y 2013 hubo reducción considerable en el número de diagnósticos, tanto en predios como en bovinos. En los departamentos menos productores la distri...