“…HDI studies in other areas also use various variables to see the effect or relationship with HDI, such as the electrification ratio in West Java (Saepudin, 2018), population density, the ratio of pre-prosperous families to population, number of junior high schools, number of health facilities and number of nurses and midwives. In Malang Regency (Latuconsina, 2017), zakat as local revenue in Aceh (Varlitya, 2017), investment in the mining and labor sector in West Kutai Regency (Masiku, Rochaida, & Wijaya, 2017), transfer funds and investment in Java Timur (Wicesa, 2016), Construction Expensive Index in North Sumatra (Muda, Helmi, & Kholis, 2014) as well as household consumption for food in Indonesia (Bhakti, Istiqomah, & Suprapto, 2012). This study does not examine the effect of these variables.…”